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Properties of Samarium and Erbium


Properties of Erbium & Samarium


Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,072.00 °C   
99+
1,522.00 °C   
28

Boiling Point
1,900.00 °C   
99+
2,510.00 °C   
99+

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   

Brinell Hardness
441.00 MPa   
27
814.00 MPa   
11

Vickers Hardness
412.00 MPa   
24
589.00 MPa   
19

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   

Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
2,130.00 m/s   
99+
2,830.00 m/s   
28

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Sm   
Er   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
30   
9
31   
8

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.17   
40
1.24   
36

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07   
32
1.11   
29

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.83   
14
2.76   
18

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol   
99+
589.30 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,070.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,150.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
2,260.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,194.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.87 g/amp-hr   
34
2.08 g/amp-hr   
28

Electron Work Function
2.70 eV   
99+
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes
  
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
7.52 g/cm3   
99+
9.07 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.16 g/cm3   
32
8.86 g/cm3   
23

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.94 (Pa)   
9
0.00 (Pa)   
20

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
19.50 GPa   
34
28.30 GPa   
25

Bulk Modulus
37.80 GPa   
35
44.40 GPa   
27

Young's Modulus
49.70 GPa   
37
69.90 GPa   
29

Poisson Ratio
0.27   
19
0.24   
28

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable
  

Periodic Table

Symbol
Sm   
Er   

Group Number
Not Available   
Not Available   

Period Number
6   
6   

Block
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block
  
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block
  

Element Family
?
Total 15 metals are included in Lanthanide series from Lanthanum to Lutetium. Lanthanide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Lanthanide
  
?
Total 15 metals are included in Lanthanide series from Lanthanum to Lutetium. Lanthanide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Lanthanide
  

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
62   
99+
68   
99+

Atomic Weight
150.36 amu   
99+
167.26 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
19.95 cm3/mol   
19
18.40 cm3/mol   
25

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f6 6s2   
[Xe] 4f12 6s2   

Valence Electron Potential
44.80 (-eV)   
37
49.00 (-eV)   
29

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
62   
99+
68   
99+

Number of Neutrons
88   
39
99   
33

Number of Electrons
62   
99+
68   
99+

Crystal Structure
?
Rhombohedral crystal lattice structure comes under trigonal crystal structure. The Rhombohedral crystal structure is a term associated trigonal crystal structure with the rhombohedral lattice.Rhombohedral (RHO)
  
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  

Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Samarium.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Erbium.jpg#100   

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
180.00 pm   
14
176.00 pm   
18

Covalent Radius
198.00 pm   
13
189.00 pm   
19

Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm   
20
Not Available   

Lattice Constant
362.10 pm   
33
355.88 pm   
39

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.57   
17

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Next Element
Europium
  
Thulium
  

Previous Element
Promethium
  
Holmium
  

Magnetic Properties

Electrical Properties
  
  

Resistivity
0.94 nΩ·m   
99+
0.86 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+

Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
50.00 kJ/mol   
21

Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
7.52   
99+
9.07   
32

Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  

Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   

Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.20 J/(kg K)   
31
0.17 J/(kg K)   
34

Thermal Conductivity
13.30 W/m·K   
99+
14.50 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
29.54 J/mol·K   
7
28.12 J/mol·K   
11

Thermal Expansion
12.70 µm/(m·K)   
30
12.20 µm/(m·K)   
31

Standard Molar Entropy
69.60 J/mol.K   
15
73.10 J/mol.K   
11

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
166.40 kJ/mol   
99+
261.00 kJ/mol   
35

Enthalpy of Fusion
8.62 kJ/mol   
40
17.20 kJ/mol   
15

Enthalpy of Atomization
209.00 kJ/mol   
99+
314.00 kJ/mol   
33

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