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Properties of Lithium and Sodium


Properties of Sodium & Lithium


Physical Properties

Melting Point
180.54 °C   
99+
97.72 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
1,347.00 °C   
99+
883.00 °C   
99+

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
0.60   
21
0.50   
22

Brinell Hardness
5.00 MPa   
99+
0.69 MPa   
99+

Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   

Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
6,000.00 m/s   
3
3,200.00 m/s   
24

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Li   
Na   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
8   
30
17   
22

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
0.98   
99+
0.93   
99+

Sanderson Electronegativity
0.89   
26
0.56   
30

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97   
38
1.01   
35

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.97   
19
0.91   
21

Allen Electronegativity
0.91   
99+
0.87   
99+

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
3.02   
8
3.07   
6

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol   
99+
495.80 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
7,298.10 kJ/mol   
3
4,562.00 kJ/mol   
4

3rd Energy Level
11,815.00 kJ/mol   
4
6,910.30 kJ/mol   
6

Electrochemical Equivalent
0.26 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.86 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
2.90 eV   
37
2.75 eV   
40

Other Chemical Properties
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Flammable metals have ability to burn or ignite, causing fire or combustion.Flammable, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes
  
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Flammable metals have ability to burn or ignite, causing fire or combustion.Flammability, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
0.53 g/cm3   
99+
0.97 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.51 g/cm3   
99+
0.93 g/cm3   
99+

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
109.00 (Pa)   
2
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
4.20 GPa   
99+
3.30 GPa   
99+

Bulk Modulus
11.00 GPa   
99+
6.30 GPa   
99+

Young's Modulus
4.90 GPa   
99+
10.00 GPa   
99+

Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   

Periodic Table

Symbol
Li   
Na   

Group Number
1   
17
1   
17

Period Number
2   
3   

Block
?
The s-block is on the left side of the periodic table that includes elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus helium.s block
  
?
The s-block is on the left side of the periodic table that includes elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus helium.s block
  

Element Family
?
All alkali metals are placed under group number 1 and s-block of periodic table. These metals are highly reactive and are found in ores of other metals and minerals. Alkali metals can be easily distinguished from others as these metals have only 1 electronAlkali
  
?
All alkali metals are placed under group number 1 and s-block of periodic table. These metals are highly reactive and are found in ores of other metals and minerals. Alkali metals can be easily distinguished from others as these metals have only 1 electronAlkali
  

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
3   
99+
11   
99+

Atomic Weight
6.94 amu   
99+
22.99 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
13.10 cm3/mol   
39
23.70 cm3/mol   
10

Electron Configuration
[He] 2s1   
[Ne] 3s1   

Valence Electron Potential
19.00 (-eV)   
99+
14.10 (-eV)   
99+

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
3   
99+
11   
99+

Number of Neutrons
4   
99+
12   
99+

Number of Electrons
3   
99+
11   
99+

Crystal Structure
?
BCC is a basis type of cubic crystal structure. In crystallography, the cubic crystals structure is a crystal system where the unit cell has a cube shaped structure. This is one of the simplest crystal structure found in crystals of metal.Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
  
?
BCC is a basis type of cubic crystal structure. In crystallography, the cubic crystals structure is a crystal system where the unit cell has a cube shaped structure. This is one of the simplest crystal structure found in crystals of metal.Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
  

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
152.00 pm   
31
186.00 pm   
9

Covalent Radius
128.00 pm   
99+
166.00 pm   
27

Van der Waals Radius
182.00 pm   
35
227.00 pm   
21

Lattice Constant
351.00 pm   
99+
429.06 pm   
19

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Next Element
Beryllium
  
Magnesium
  

Previous Element
  
Beryllium
  

Magnetic Properties

Electrical Properties
  
  

Resistivity
92.80 nΩ·m   
33
47.70 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω   
19
0.21 106/cm Ω   
9

Electron Affinity
59.60 kJ/mol   
16
52.80 kJ/mol   
19

Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
0.53   
99+
0.97   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  

Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   

Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
3.60 J/(kg K)   
1
1.23 J/(kg K)   
3

Thermal Conductivity
84.80 W/m·K   
20
142.00 W/m·K   
11

Critical Temperature
3,223.00 K   
1
2,573.00 K   
2

Molar Heat Capacity
24.86 J/mol·K   
99+
28.23 J/mol·K   
10

Thermal Expansion
46.00 µm/(m·K)   
7
71.00 µm/(m·K)   
4

Standard Molar Entropy
29.10 J/mol.K   
99+
51.30 J/mol.K   
28

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
134.70 kJ/mol   
99+
89.04 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Fusion
3.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2.59 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
160.70 kJ/mol   
99+
108.40 kJ/mol   
99+

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