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Properties of Silver and Gold

Silver
Gold
Properties of Gold & Silver


Physical Properties
Melting Point
961.93 °C   
99+
1,064.43 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
2,212.00 °C   
99+
2,807.00 °C   
36
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50   
14
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
251.00 MPa   
37
194.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
229.00 MPa   
30
216.00 MPa   
31
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
97.00 %   
1
95.00 %   
2
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s   
34
2,030.00 m/s   
99+
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ag   
Au   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
36   
3
36   
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.93   
9
2.54   
1
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.83   
11
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42   
18
1.42   
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.47   
15
1.87   
7
Allen Electronegativity
1.87   
7
1.92   
5
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.07   
99+
1.46   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol   
27
890.10 kJ/mol   
8
2nd Energy Level
2,070.00 kJ/mol   
11
1,980.00 kJ/mol   
12
3rd Energy Level
3,361.00 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.02 g/amp-hr   
7
2.45 g/amp-hr   
21
Electron Work Function
4.26 eV   
20
5.10 eV   
4
Other Chemical Properties
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.49 g/cm3   
35
19.30 g/cm3   
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.32 g/cm3   
21
17.31 g/cm3   
6
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
14
0.00 (Pa)   
23
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
67.00 (Pa)   
4
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
120.00 MPa   
15
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa   
23
27.00 GPa   
27
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa   
16
180.00 GPa   
9
Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa   
23
79.00 GPa   
24
Poisson Ratio
0.37   
7
0.40   
4
Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable   
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ag   
Au   
Group Number
11   
7
11   
7
Period Number
5   
6   
Block
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
Element Family
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
47   
99+
79   
37
Atomic Weight
107.87 amu   
99+
196.97 amu   
33
Atomic Volume
10.30 cm3/mol   
99+
10.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s1   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1   
Valence Electron Potential
11.40 (-eV)   
99+
43.40 (-eV)   
99+
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
47   
99+
79   
37
Number of Neutrons
61   
99+
118   
23
Number of Electrons
47   
99+
79   
37
Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
?
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
144.00 pm   
36
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
145.00 pm   
39
144.00 pm   
40
Van der Waals Radius
172.00 pm   
38
166.00 pm   
39
Lattice Constant
408.53 pm   
20
407.82 pm   
21
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.61   
4
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Cadmium
  
Mercury
  
Previous Element
Palladium
  
Platinum
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
15.87 nΩ·m   
99+
2.20 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.63 106/cm Ω   
1
0.45 106/cm Ω   
3
Electron Affinity
125.60 kJ/mol   
5
222.80 kJ/mol   
1
Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
10.50   
26
19.32   
8
Magnetic Ordering
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic   
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
0.00   
5
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)   
25
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Thermal Conductivity
429.00 W/m·K   
1
318.00 W/m·K   
3
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
25.35 J/mol·K   
99+
25.42 J/mol·K   
40
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)   
23
14.20 µm/(m·K)   
26
Standard Molar Entropy
42.60 J/mol.K   
35
47.40 J/mol.K   
32
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
255.10 kJ/mol   
37
324.40 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.30 kJ/mol   
31
12.55 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Atomization
284.50 kJ/mol   
37
364.00 kJ/mol   
25
All >>
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