Properties of Vanadium and Cerium
Melting Point
1,890.00 °C
  
13
Boiling Point
3,380.00 °C
  
20
3,257.00 °C
  
23
Hardness
  
  
Brinell Hardness
186.00 MPa
  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Reflectivity
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
4,560.00 m/s
  
17
2,100.00 m/s
  
99+
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
V
  
Ce
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol
  
99+
534.40 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,414.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,050.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,830.00 kJ/mol
  
35
1,949.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.38 g/amp-hr
  
99+
1.74 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
6.00 g/cm3
  
99+
6.77 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.50 g/cm3
  
99+
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Symbol
V
  
Ce
  
Group Number
Not Available
  
Period Number
4
  
6
  
Atomic Weight
140.12 amu
  
99+
Atomic Volume
8.78 cm3/mol
  
99+
20.67 cm3/mol
  
17
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d3 4s2
  
[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
  
Valence Electron Potential
120.00 (-eV)
  
6
41.78 (-eV)
  
99+
Atom
  
  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cerium.jpg#100
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
197.00 nΩ·m
  
19
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω
  
35
0.01 106/cm Ω
  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.60 kJ/mol
  
20
50.00 kJ/mol
  
21
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Permeability
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Susceptibility
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.49 J/(kg K)
  
10
0.19 J/(kg K)
  
32
Thermal Conductivity
30.70 W/m·K
  
39
11.30 W/m·K
  
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
24.89 J/mol·K
  
99+
26.94 J/mol·K
  
23
Thermal Expansion
8.40 µm/(m·K)
  
99+
6.30 µm/(m·K)
  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
28.90 J/mol.K
  
99+
72.00 J/mol.K
  
12
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
458.60 kJ/mol
  
14
414.00 kJ/mol
  
16
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.57 kJ/mol
  
14
5.46 kJ/mol
  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
514.60 kJ/mol
  
13
381.00 kJ/mol
  
23