Ruthenium

Manganese

Ruthenium Manganese Comparison

Ruthenium

Manganese

Add ⊕

1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Group Number

0 17

2.2 Period Number

2 7

2.3 Block

d block

2.4 Element Family

Transition Metal

2.6 CAS Number

74401887439965

7429905 54386242

2.7 Space Group Name

P63/mmc

I_ 43m

2.8 Space Group Number

194.00217.00

11 229

3 Facts

3.1 Interesting Facts

Ruthenium element has been extracted from used nuclear fuel.
Ruthenium metal also produces as a by-product of the Nickel mining.

Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.

3.2 Sources

By-product of Nickel Refining, Found in Minerals, Mining

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals

3.3 History

3.3.1 Who Discovered

Karl Ernst Claus

Johann Gottlieb Gahn

3.3.2 Discovery

In 1844

In 1774

3.4 Abundance

3.4.1 Abundance In Universe

4 * 10^-7 %8 * 10^-4 %

5E-09 0.11

3.4.3 Abundance In Sun

~0.0000005 %~0.001 %

1E-08 0.1

3.4.5 Abundance In Meteorites

0.00 %0.27 %

1.7E-07 22

3.5.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust

0.00 %0.11 %

9.9E-12 8.1

3.5.2 Abundance In Oceans

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

3.6.3 Abundance In Humans

NA0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

5 Uses

5.1 Uses & Benefits

It is used for producing chip resistors and contact.

Ruthenium oxide is used to coat the anodes cells for chlorine production in chemical industry. It also works as catalysts for ammonia and acetic acid reaction.

This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.

5.1.1 Industrial Uses

Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry

Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry

5.1.2 Medical Uses

Medical Research

5.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys

5.2 Biological Properties

5.2.1 Toxicity

Low Toxic

Toxic

5.2.2 Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

5.2.3 In Blood

NA0.08 Blood/mg dm-3

0 1970

5.2.4 In Bone

NA100.00 p.p.m.

0 170000

6 Physical

6.1 Melting Point

2,250.00 °C1,245.00 °C

27 3410

6.2 Boiling Point

3,900.00 °C1,962.00 °C

147 5660

6.3 Appearance

6.3.1 Physical State

Solid

6.3.2 Color

Silvery White

Silver

6.3.3 Luster

Metallic

6.4 Hardness

6.4.1 Mohs Hardness

6.506.00

0.2 8.5

6.4.3 Brinell Hardness

2,160.00 MPa196.00 MPa

0.14 3490

6.4.5 Vickers Hardness

NANA

121 3430

6.5 Speed of Sound

5,970.00 m/s5,150.00 m/s

818 16200

6.6 Optical Properties

6.6.1 Refractive Index

NANA

1.000933 1.7229

6.6.2 Reflectivity

NANA

58 97

6.7 Allotropes

✔ ✘

6.7.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

6.7.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

6.7.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

7 Chemical

7.1 Chemical Formula

7.2 Isotopes

7.2.1 Known Isotopes

2621

0 38

7.4 Electronegativity

7.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity

2.201.55

0.7 2.54

7.5.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

NA2.20

0.22 2.56

7.5.4 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.421.60

0.86 1.82

7.5.6 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

NANA

0.62 2.48

7.5.7 Allen Electronegativity

1.541.75

0.659 2.7

7.6 Electropositivity

7.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity

1.802.45

1.46 3.3

7.7 Ionization Energies

7.7.1 1st Energy Level

710.20 kJ/mol717.30 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

7.7.3 2nd Energy Level

710.22 kJ/mol1,509.00 kJ/mol

710.2162 28750

7.7.5 3rd Energy Level

2,747.00 kJ/mol3,248.00 kJ/mol

1600 34230

7.7.7 4th Energy Level

NA4,940.00 kJ/mol

2780 37066

7.7.9 5th Energy Level

NA6,990.00 kJ/mol

4305.2 97510

7.7.11 6th Energy Level

NA9,220.00 kJ/mol

5715.8 105800

7.7.13 7th Energy level

NA11,500.00 kJ/mol

7226.8 114300

7.7.14 8th Energy Level

NA18,770.00 kJ/mol

8857.4 125300

7.7.16 9th Energy Level

NA21,400.00 kJ/mol

14110 134700

7.7.18 10th Energy Level

NA23,960.00 kJ/mol

17100 144300

7.7.19 11th Energy Level

NA27,590.00 kJ/mol

19900 169988

7.7.21 12th Energy Level

NA30,330.00 kJ/mol

22219 189368

7.7.23 13th Energy Level

NA33,150.00 kJ/mol

26930 76015

7.7.25 14th Energy Level

NA38,880.00 kJ/mol

29196 86450

7.7.27 15th Energy Level

NA41,987.00 kJ/mol

41987 97510

7.7.28 16th Energy Level

NA109,480.00 kJ/mol

47206 109480

7.7.30 17th Energy Level

NA118,100.00 kJ/mol

52737 122200

7.7.32 18th Energy Level

NA127,100.00 kJ/mol

58570 134810

7.7.33 19th Energy Level

NA138,600.00 kJ/mol

64702 148700

7.7.35 20th Energy Level

NA148,500.00 kJ/mol

80400 171200

7.7.37 21st Energy Level

NA158,600.00 kJ/mol

87000 179100

7.7.39 22nd Energy Level

NA172,500.00 kJ/mol

93400 184900

7.7.41 23rd Energy Level

NA181,380.00 kJ/mol

98420 198800

7.7.43 24th Energy Level

NANA

104400 195200

7.7.44 25th Energy Level

NANA

121900 121900

7.7.46 26th Energy Level

NANA

127700 127700

7.7.48 27th Energy Level

NANA

133800 133800

7.7.50 28th Energy Level

NANA

139800 139800

7.7.52 29th Energy Level

NANA

148100 148100

7.7.53 30th Energy Level

NANA

154500 154500

7.8 Electrochemical Equivalent

1.26 g/amp-hr0.29 g/amp-hr

0.16812 8.3209

7.9 Electron Work Function

4.71 eV4.10 eV

2.14 5.65

7.11 Other Chemical Properties

Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes

8 Atomic

8.1 Atomic Number

4425

3 117

8.3 Electron Configuration

[Kr] 4d⁷ 5s¹

[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s²

8.4 Crystal Structure

Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)

Body Centered Cubic (BCC)

8.4.1 Crystal Lattice

8.5 Atom

8.5.1 Number of Protons

4425

3 117

9.1.1 Number of Neutrons

5730

4 184

9.1.2 Number of Electrons

4425

3 117

9.5 Radius of an Atom

9.5.1 Atomic Radius

134.00 pm127.00 pm

112 265

9.5.3 Covalent Radius

146.00 pm139.00 pm

96 260

9.5.5 Van der Waals Radius

200.00 pm200.00 pm

139 348

9.6 Atomic Weight

101.07 amu54.94 amu

6.94 294

9.8 Atomic Volume

8.30 cm3/mol1.39 cm3/mol

1.39 71.07

9.9 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

9.9.1 Previous Element

9.9.2 Next Element

9.10 Valence Electron Potential

64.00 (-eV)220.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

9.11 Lattice Constant

270.59 pm891.25 pm

228.58 891.25

9.13 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

π/2, π/2, π/2

9.14 Lattice C/A Ratio

1.58NA

1.567 1.886

10 Mechanical

10.1 Density

10.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

12.45 g/cm³7.21 g/cm³

0.534 40.7

10.2.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

10.65 g/cm35.95 g/cm3

0.512 20

10.5 Tensile Strength

NANA

2.5 11000

10.7 Viscosity

NANA

0.001526 0.001526

10.8 Vapor Pressure

10.8.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

NA0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

10.10.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

0.00 (Pa)NA

2.62E-10 774

10.11 Elasticity properties

10.11.1 Shear Modulus

173.00 GPaNA

1.3 222

11.1.2 Bulk Modulus

220.00 GPa120.00 GPa

1.6 462

11.1.4 Young's Modulus

447.00 GPa198.00 GPa

1.7 528

11.3 Poisson Ratio

0.30NA

0.032 0.47

11.6 Other Mechanical Properties

Ductile, Malleable

12 Magnetic

12.1 Magnetic Characteristics

12.1.1 Specific Gravity

12.457.21

0.53 4500

12.1.2 Magnetic Ordering

Paramagnetic

12.1.3 Permeability

NANA

1.25643E-06 0.0063

12.1.5 Susceptibility

NANA

-0.000166 200000

12.2 Electrical Properties

12.2.1 Electrical Property

Conductor

12.2.2 Resistivity

71.00 nΩ·m1.44 nΩ·m

0.18 961

12.3.2 Electrical Conductivity

0.14 10⁶/cm Ω0.01 10⁶/cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

12.3.4 Electron Affinity

101.30 kJ/mol0.00 kJ/mol

0 222.8

13 Thermal

13.1 Specific Heat

0.24 J/(kg K)0.48 J/(kg K)

0.11 3.6

13.3 Molar Heat Capacity

24.06 J/mol·K26.32 J/mol·K

16.443 62.7

13.4 Thermal Conductivity

117.00 W/m·K7.81 W/m·K

6.3 429

14.2 Critical Temperature

NANA

26.3 3223

14.3 Thermal Expansion

6.40 µm/(m·K)21.70 µm/(m·K)

4.5 97

14.5 Enthalpy

14.5.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

567.80 kJ/mol219.70 kJ/mol

7.32 799.1

14.5.3 Enthalpy of Fusion

25.50 kJ/mol14.64 kJ/mol

2.1 35.23

14.5.5 Enthalpy of Atomization

603.00 kJ/mol280.30 kJ/mol

61.5 837

2.2 Standard Molar Entropy

28.50 J/mol.K32.00 J/mol.K

9.5 198.1

Compare Transition Metals » More

Ruthenium vs Bohrium

Ruthenium vs Hassium

Ruthenium vs Rutherfordium

» More

More Compare Transition Metals

Transition Metals » More

» More

More Transition Met...