1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
2.3 Block
2.4 Element Family
Transition Metal
Lanthanide
2.5 CAS Number
538503657439910
7429905
54386242
2.6 Space Group Name
2.7 Space Group Number
4 Facts
4.1 Interesting Facts
- Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
- Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
- Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
- If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
4.2 Sources
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
4.3 History
4.3.1 Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Carl Gustaf Mosander
4.3.2 Discovery
4.4 Abundance
4.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4.5.1 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000002 %
1E-08
0.1
4.7.2 Abundance In Meteorites
4.7.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.7.6 Abundance In Oceans
4.7.7 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
- The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
5.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
5.3.2 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.0.08 p.p.m.
0
170000
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
2,100.00 °C920.00 °C
27
3410
7.3 Boiling Point
5,500.00 °C3,469.00 °C
147
5660
7.5 Appearance
7.5.1 Physical State
7.5.2 Color
7.5.3 Luster
7.6 Hardness
7.6.1 Mohs Hardness
7.6.3 Brinell Hardness
7.6.5 Vickers Hardness
7.7 Speed of Sound
7.8 Optical Properties
7.8.1 Refractive Index
7.9.2 Reflectivity
7.11 Allotropes
7.11.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.11.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.11.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.3 Electronegativity
8.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.3.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.3.5 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.3.7 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.3.9 Allen Electronegativity
8.4 Electropositivity
8.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.5 Ionization Energies
8.5.1 1st Energy Level
579.90 kJ/mol538.10 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
8.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,389.40 kJ/mol1,067.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
8.5.4 3rd Energy Level
2,296.40 kJ/mol1,850.30 kJ/mol
1600
34230
8.5.7 4th Energy Level
3,077.90 kJ/mol4,819.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
8.5.9 5th Energy Level
NA5,940.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
8.5.11 6th Energy Level
8.5.13 7th Energy level
8.5.15 8th Energy Level
8.5.17 9th Energy Level
8.5.19 10th Energy Level
8.5.21 11th Energy Level
8.5.24 12th Energy Level
8.5.26 13th Energy Level
8.5.29 14th Energy Level
8.5.32 15th Energy Level
8.5.34 16th Energy Level
8.5.36 17th Energy Level
8.5.38 18th Energy Level
8.5.41 19th Energy Level
8.6.1 20th Energy Level
8.6.2 21st Energy Level
8.7.1 22nd Energy Level
8.7.2 23rd Energy Level
9.1.1 24th Energy Level
9.1.2 25th Energy Level
9.4.2 26th Energy Level
9.4.3 27th Energy Level
9.4.5 28th Energy Level
9.4.6 29th Energy Level
9.4.8 30th Energy Level
9.5 Electrochemical Equivalent
NA1.73 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
9.7 Electron Work Function
9.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
10 Atomic
10.1 Atomic Number
10.3 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2
[Xe] 5d2 6s2
10.4 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
10.4.1 Crystal Lattice
10.5 Atom
10.5.1 Number of Protons
10.6.1 Number of Neutrons
10.8.1 Number of Electrons
10.10 Radius of an Atom
10.10.1 Atomic Radius
150.00 pm187.00 pm
112
265
10.12.1 Covalent Radius
157.00 pm207.00 pm
96
260
11.1.2 Van der Waals Radius
11.2 Atomic Weight
267.00 amu138.91 amu
6.94
294
11.4 Atomic Volume
NA20.73 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
11.6 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
11.6.1 Previous Element
11.6.2 Next Element
11.7 Valence Electron Potential
11.9 Lattice Constant
NA377.20 pm
228.58
891.25
11.10 Lattice Angles
11.11 Lattice C/A Ratio
12 Mechanical
12.1 Density
12.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
23.20 g/cm36.16 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
12.1.3 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
12.2 Tensile Strength
12.3 Viscosity
12.5 Vapor Pressure
12.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
12.6.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
13.2 Elasticity properties
13.2.1 Shear Modulus
13.2.4 Bulk Modulus
13.3.3 Young's Modulus
13.4 Poisson Ratio
13.5 Other Mechanical Properties
14 Magnetic
14.1 Magnetic Characteristics
14.1.1 Specific Gravity
14.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
14.1.4 Permeability
15.1.1 Susceptibility
15.2 Electrical Properties
15.2.1 Electrical Property
15.2.2 Resistivity
15.3.1 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.01 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
15.4.1 Electron Affinity
16 Thermal
16.1 Specific Heat
16.3 Molar Heat Capacity
NA27.11 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
16.5 Thermal Conductivity
16.6 Critical Temperature
16.7 Thermal Expansion
16.8 Enthalpy
16.8.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA399.60 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
16.8.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
16.9.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
16.10 Standard Molar Entropy
NA56.90 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1