1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.5 Block
1.6 Element Family
Probably Transition
Lanthanide
1.7 CAS Number
540380167440304
7429905
54386242
1.6 Space Group Name
1.1 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
Not Available
- Thulium metal can resist corrosion due to dry air .
- Only Tm-169 isotope of Thulium metal occur naturally.
3.2 Sources
Bombarding Bi209 with Accelerated Nuclei of Fe58, Synthetically Produced
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung
Per Teodor Cleve
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3.11.1 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.00000002 %
1E-08
0.1
5.4.2 Abundance In Meteorites
5.6.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
5.6.5 Abundance In Oceans
5.6.8 Abundance In Humans
8 Uses
8.1 Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Meitnerium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- Thulium metal produces isotopes that emits X-rays. This isotope is used in X-ray machine.
-
Thulium element is also used in Surgical equipment like laser.
8.1.1 Industrial Uses
8.1.2 Medical Uses
8.1.3 Other Uses
NA
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
8.2 Biological Properties
8.2.1 Toxicity
8.2.2 Present in Human Body
8.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
8.2.6 In Bone
11 Physical
11.1 Melting Point
11.2 Boiling Point
13.2 Appearance
13.2.1 Physical State
13.2.2 Color
13.2.3 Luster
13.3 Hardness
13.3.1 Mohs Hardness
14.1.2 Brinell Hardness
14.4.1 Vickers Hardness
15.4 Speed of Sound
15.7 Optical Properties
15.7.1 Refractive Index
16.1.1 Reflectivity
16.4 Allotropes
16.4.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
16.4.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
16.4.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
17 Chemical
17.1 Chemical Formula
17.2 Isotopes
17.2.1 Known Isotopes
17.5 Electronegativity
17.5.1 Pauling Electronegativity
18.3.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
19.2.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
19.3.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
19.3.6 Allen Electronegativity
19.6 Electropositivity
19.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity
19.7 Ionization Energies
19.7.1 1st Energy Level
800.80 kJ/mol596.70 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
19.8.4 2nd Energy Level
1,823.60 kJ/mol1,160.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
20.2.2 3rd Energy Level
2,904.20 kJ/mol2,285.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
20.3.2 4th Energy Level
3,859.40 kJ/mol4,120.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
20.5.3 5th Energy Level
4,920.80 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
20.5.6 6th Energy Level
20.6.2 7th Energy level
20.6.4 8th Energy Level
20.7.3 9th Energy Level
20.7.7 10th Energy Level
20.7.10 11th Energy Level
20.7.13 12th Energy Level
20.8.3 13th Energy Level
20.9.2 14th Energy Level
20.10.3 15th Energy Level
20.10.9 16th Energy Level
21.2.3 17th Energy Level
21.3.2 18th Energy Level
21.3.5 19th Energy Level
21.3.11 20th Energy Level
21.3.18 21st Energy Level
21.3.22 22nd Energy Level
21.3.27 23rd Energy Level
21.3.32 24th Energy Level
21.3.37 25th Energy Level
21.4.4 26th Energy Level
21.5.3 27th Energy Level
21.5.9 28th Energy Level
21.6.1 29th Energy Level
21.6.5 30th Energy Level
21.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
NA2.10 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
22.5 Electron Work Function
22.6 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
23 Atomic
23.1 Atomic Number
23.3 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d7 7s2
[Xe] 4f13 6s2
23.4 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
23.4.2 Crystal Lattice
23.5 Atom
23.5.1 Number of Protons
23.7.2 Number of Neutrons
24.3.1 Number of Electrons
24.11 Radius of an Atom
24.11.1 Atomic Radius
122.00 pm176.00 pm
112
265
25.1.2 Covalent Radius
129.00 pm160.00 pm
96
260
26.1.3 Van der Waals Radius
26.5 Atomic Weight
278.00 amu168.93 amu
6.94
294
26.8 Atomic Volume
NA18.10 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
26.12 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
26.12.1 Previous Element
26.12.2 Next Element
26.13 Valence Electron Potential
26.16 Lattice Constant
NA353.75 pm
228.58
891.25
26.21 Lattice Angles
26.22 Lattice C/A Ratio
27 Mechanical
27.1 Density
27.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
37.40 g/cm39.32 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
28.3.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
28.7 Tensile Strength
28.10 Viscosity
29.2 Vapor Pressure
29.2.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
30.1.8 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
30.3 Elasticity properties
30.3.1 Shear Modulus
31.4.2 Bulk Modulus
31.7.2 Young's Modulus
32.2 Poisson Ratio
33.7 Other Mechanical Properties
34 Magnetic
34.1 Magnetic Characteristics
34.1.1 Specific Gravity
35.2.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
35.2.3 Permeability
35.5.1 Susceptibility
35.8 Electrical Properties
35.8.1 Electrical Property
35.8.2 Resistivity
35.10.2 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.02 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
35.13.2 Electron Affinity
37 Thermal
37.1 Specific Heat
37.3 Molar Heat Capacity
NA27.03 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
37.7 Thermal Conductivity
37.9 Critical Temperature
37.13 Thermal Expansion
38.2 Enthalpy
38.2.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA191.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
39.1.1 Enthalpy of Fusion
39.4.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
39.7 Standard Molar Entropy
NA74.00 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1