Properties of Lutetium and Thorium
Melting Point
1,652.00 °C
  
19
1,750.00 °C
  
17
Boiling Point
3,402.00 °C
  
19
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Vickers Hardness
1,160.00 MPa
  
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Reflectivity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available
  
2,490.00 m/s
  
36
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Lu
  
Th
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol
  
99+
587.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,340.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,110.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,022.30 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,978.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.18 g/amp-hr
  
23
2.16 g/amp-hr
  
24
Other Chemical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
11.72 g/cm3
  
32
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
  
Symbol
Lu
  
Th
  
Group Number
Not Available
  
Period Number
6
  
7
  
Atomic Volume
17.78 cm3/mol
  
30
19.90 cm3/mol
  
20
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d1
  
[Rn] 6d2 7s2
  
Valence Electron Potential
50.90 (-eV)
  
26
59.30 (-eV)
  
23
Atom
  
  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Thorium.jpg#100
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
157.00 nΩ·m
  
22
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
  
99+
0.07 106/cm Ω
  
31
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
  
21
Not Available
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Permeability
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Susceptibility
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)
  
36
0.12 J/(kg K)
  
40
Thermal Conductivity
16.40 W/m·K
  
99+
54.00 W/m·K
  
28
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
26.86 J/mol·K
  
24
26.23 J/mol·K
  
30
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)
  
40
11.00 µm/(m·K)
  
36
Standard Molar Entropy
51.00 J/mol.K
  
30
27.30 J/mol.K
  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
355.90 kJ/mol
  
22
429.00 kJ/mol
  
15
Enthalpy of Fusion
18.70 kJ/mol
  
13
15.48 kJ/mol
  
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
398.00 kJ/mol
  
20
468.60 kJ/mol
  
15