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Properties of Palladium and Bismuth

Palladium
Bismuth
Properties of Bismuth & Palladium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,554.90 °C   
22
271.30 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
2,963.00 °C   
33
1,560.00 °C   
99+
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.75   
9
2.25   
15
Brinell Hardness
320.00 MPa   
33
70.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
121.00 MPa   
36
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.72   
1
Not Available   
Reflectivity
84.00 %   
4
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
3,070.00 m/s   
26
1,790.00 m/s   
99+
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pd   
Bi   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
38   
1
33   
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20   
4
2.02   
6
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.34   
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.35   
21
1.67   
6
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.15   
4
Allen Electronegativity
1.59   
22
2.01   
4
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80   
99+
1.98   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
520.23 kJ/mol   
99+
703.00 kJ/mol   
35
2nd Energy Level
7,298.22 kJ/mol   
2
1,610.00 kJ/mol   
33
3rd Energy Level
11,815.13 kJ/mol   
3
2,466.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.99 g/amp-hr   
30
2.60 g/amp-hr   
19
Electron Work Function
5.12 eV   
3
4.22 eV   
22
Other Chemical Properties
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
12.02 g/cm3   
29
9.78 g/cm3   
39
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.38 g/cm3   
17
10.05 g/cm3   
18
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
27
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
30
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa   
17
12.00 GPa   
99+
Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa   
9
31.00 GPa   
38
Young's Modulus
121.00 GPa   
16
32.00 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.39   
5
0.33   
11
Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable, 
?
Weldability of metals defines their ability to be welded.This property of metals also known as joinability.Weldable   
NA   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pd   
Bi   
Group Number
10   
8
15   
3
Period Number
5   
6   
Block
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
?
The p-block is on the right side of the periodic table and includes elements from the six columns beginning with column 13 and ending with column 18. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block.p block   
Element Family
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
?
All post transition metals are placed in group number 13, 14 and 15 of periodic table. In fact, they are located between Transition Metals and Metalloids. Post transition metals have very poor mechanical properties.Post-​Transition   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
46   
99+
83   
33
Atomic Weight
106.42 amu   
99+
208.98 amu   
29
Atomic Volume
8.90 cm3/mol   
99+
21.30 cm3/mol   
14
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3   
Valence Electron Potential
33.00 (-eV)   
99+
41.90 (-eV)   
99+
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
46   
99+
83   
33
Number of Neutrons
60   
99+
126   
18
Number of Electrons
46   
99+
83   
33
Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
?
Rhombohedral crystal lattice structure comes under trigonal crystal structure. The Rhombohedral crystal structure is a term associated trigonal crystal structure with the rhombohedral lattice.Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Palladium.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
137.00 pm   
40
156.00 pm   
29
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm   
99+
148.00 pm   
36
Van der Waals Radius
163.00 pm   
40
207.00 pm   
26
Lattice Constant
389.07 pm   
25
667.40 pm   
2
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Silver
  
Polonium
  
Previous Element
Rhodium
  
Lead
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
105.40 nΩ·m   
29
1.29 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω   
22
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
54.23 kJ/mol   
17
91.20 kJ/mol   
11
Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
?
Semiconductor metals have conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator.Semiconductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
12.02   
21
9.79   
30
Magnetic Ordering
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic   
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
0.00 H/m   
6
Susceptibility
Not Available   
0.00   
6
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)   
23
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Thermal Conductivity
71.80 W/m·K   
23
7.97 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
25.98 J/mol·K   
33
25.52 J/mol·K   
37
Thermal Expansion
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28
Standard Molar Entropy
37.60 J/mol.K   
40
56.70 J/mol.K   
24
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
376.60 kJ/mol   
19
151.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
16.74 kJ/mol   
18
10.90 kJ/mol   
33
Enthalpy of Atomization
393.30 kJ/mol   
22
207.10 kJ/mol   
99+
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