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Properties of Palladium and Cobalt


Properties of Cobalt & Palladium


Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,554.90 °C   
22
1,495.00 °C   
29

Boiling Point
2,963.00 °C   
33
2,870.00 °C   
34

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
4.75   
9
5.00   
8

Brinell Hardness
320.00 MPa   
33
470.00 MPa   
26

Vickers Hardness
121.00 MPa   
36
1,043.00 MPa   
11

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
1.72   
1
Not Available   

Reflectivity
84.00 %   
4
67.00 %   
11

Speed of Sound
3,070.00 m/s   
26
4,720.00 m/s   
14

Allotropes
No   
Yes   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
?
It forms above 417 °C simple cubic (metallic)Α-Cobalt
  

β Allotropes
Not Available   
?
It forms below 417 °C hexagonal close packed (hcp) (metallic)Β-Cobalt
  

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Pd   
Co   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
38   
1
26   
13

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
2.20   
4
1.88   
12

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.56   
1

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.35   
21
1.70   
5

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
1.59   
22
1.84   
10

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
1.80   
99+
2.12   
99+

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
520.23 kJ/mol   
99+
760.40 kJ/mol   
19

2nd Energy Level
7,298.22 kJ/mol   
2
1,648.00 kJ/mol   
31

3rd Energy Level
11,815.13 kJ/mol   
3
3,232.00 kJ/mol   
22

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.99 g/amp-hr   
30
1.10 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
5.12 eV   
3
5.00 eV   
5

Other Chemical Properties
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization
  

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
12.02 g/cm3   
29
4.51 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.38 g/cm3   
17
4.11 g/cm3   
99+

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
27
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
30
0.98 (Pa)   
14

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
434.00 MPa   
9

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa   
17
44.00 GPa   
17

Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa   
9
110.00 GPa   
15

Young's Modulus
121.00 GPa   
16
116.00 GPa   
18

Poisson Ratio
0.39   
5
0.32   
12

Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable, 
?
Weldability of metals defines their ability to be welded.This property of metals also known as joinability.Weldable
  
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile
  

Periodic Table

Symbol
Pd   
Co   

Group Number
10   
8
9   
9

Period Number
5   
4   

Block
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block
  
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block
  

Element Family
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal
  
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal
  

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
46   
99+
22   
99+

Atomic Weight
106.42 amu   
99+
47.87 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
8.90 cm3/mol   
99+
10.64 cm3/mol   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10   
[Ar] 3d2 4s2   

Valence Electron Potential
33.00 (-eV)   
99+
95.20 (-eV)   
10

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
46   
99+
22   
99+

Number of Neutrons
60   
99+
26   
99+

Number of Electrons
46   
99+
22   
99+

Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
  
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  

Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Palladium.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cobalt.jpg#100   

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
137.00 pm   
40
147.00 pm   
34

Covalent Radius
139.00 pm   
99+
160.00 pm   
30

Van der Waals Radius
163.00 pm   
40
200.00 pm   
28

Lattice Constant
389.07 pm   
25
295.08 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Next Element
Silver
  
Nickel
  

Previous Element
Rhodium
  
Iron
  

Magnetic Properties

Electrical Properties
  
  

Resistivity
105.40 nΩ·m   
29
420.00 nΩ·m   
12

Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω   
22
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+

Electron Affinity
54.23 kJ/mol   
17
7.60 kJ/mol   
37

Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  
?
Poor conductor metals have moderate resistance to electric currents. They can conduct electric current through them with very low efficiency.Poor Conductor
  

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
12.02   
21
4,500.00   
1

Magnetic Ordering
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic
  
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  

Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   

Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)   
23
0.52 J/(kg K)   
9

Thermal Conductivity
71.80 W/m·K   
23
21.90 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
25.98 J/mol·K   
33
25.06 J/mol·K   
99+

Thermal Expansion
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
8.60 µm/(m·K)   
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
37.60 J/mol.K   
40
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
376.60 kJ/mol   
19
429.00 kJ/mol   
15

Enthalpy of Fusion
16.74 kJ/mol   
18
15.48 kJ/mol   
19

Enthalpy of Atomization
393.30 kJ/mol   
22
468.60 kJ/mol   
15

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