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Terbium
Terbium

Nickel
Nickel



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Terbium
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Terbium Nickel Comparison

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Tb
Ni
1.2 Group Number
NA10
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.7 Period Number
64
Lithium Metal
2 7
1.13 Block
f block
d block
1.14 Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
1.15 CAS Number
74402797440020
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
1.18 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
1.19 Space Group Number
194.00225.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
4 Facts
4.1 Interesting Facts
  • At times Terbium metal acts same as Calcium.
  • Terbium metal closely similar to Lanthanum metal.
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • After iron, Zinc metal the second most abundant element in the earth crust.
4.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Found with Other Rare Earth Metals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
4.3 History
4.3.1 Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Axel Fredrik Cronstedt
4.3.2 Discovery
In 1842
In 1751
4.4 Abundance
4.4.1 Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %6 * 10-3 %
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
4.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %~0.008 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
4.4.6 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %1.30 %
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
4.4.9 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %0.01 %
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
4.4.11 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %0.00 %
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
4.4.14 Abundance In Humans
NA0.00 %
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
6 Uses
6.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Terbium salts are used in optical devices like laser devices.
  • Terbium’s alloy lengthens and shortens the magnetic field and this effect forms loudspeaker.
  • It has corrosion resistance and hence it is used to plate other metals.
  • Its alloys are very useful; Nichrome alloy is used in the hot coil of toasters and electric oven.
6.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electronic Industry
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
6.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
6.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
6.2 Biological Properties
6.2.1 Toxicity
Low Toxic
Toxic
6.2.2 Present in Human Body
6.2.3 In Blood
NA0.05 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
6.2.7 In Bone
NA0.70 p.p.m.
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
9 Physical
9.1 Melting Point
1,356.00 °C1,453.00 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
10.2 Boiling Point
3,123.00 °C2,732.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
10.4 Appearance
10.4.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
10.4.2 Color
Silvery White
Silver
10.4.3 Luster
Metallic
Metallic
10.5 Hardness
10.5.1 Mohs Hardness
NA4.00
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
10.9.2 Brinell Hardness
677.00 MPa667.00 MPa
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
10.9.3 Vickers Hardness
863.00 MPa638.00 MPa
Palladium Metal
121 3430
10.10 Speed of Sound
2,620.00 m/s4,900.00 m/s
Thallium Metal
818 16200
10.11 Optical Properties
10.11.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
10.11.4 Reflectivity
NA72.00 %
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
10.12 Allotropes
10.12.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.12.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.12.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
11 Chemical
11.1 Chemical Formula
Tb
Ni
11.2 Isotopes
11.2.1 Known Isotopes
2625
Tennessine Metal
0 38
11.4 Electronegativity
11.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
NA1.91
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
11.5.1 Sanderson Electronegativity
NA1.94
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
11.6.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.101.75
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
11.7.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
11.7.5 Allen Electronegativity
NA1.88
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
12.4 Electropositivity
13.0.1 Pauling Electropositivity
NA2.09
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
13.3 Ionization Energies
13.3.1 1st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol737.10 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
13.3.2 2nd Energy Level
1,174.80 kJ/mol1,753.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
13.5.2 3rd Energy Level
2,417.00 kJ/mol3,395.00 kJ/mol
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
13.5.3 4th Energy Level
4,203.00 kJ/mol5,300.00 kJ/mol
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
13.5.5 5th Energy Level
NA7,339.00 kJ/mol
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
13.5.7 6th Energy Level
NA10,400.00 kJ/mol
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
13.5.8 7th Energy level
NA12,800.00 kJ/mol
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
13.5.10 8th Energy Level
NA15,600.00 kJ/mol
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
13.5.12 9th Energy Level
NA18,600.00 kJ/mol
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
13.5.14 10th Energy Level
NA21,670.00 kJ/mol
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
13.5.16 11th Energy Level
NA30,970.00 kJ/mol
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
13.5.18 12th Energy Level
NA34,000.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
13.5.20 13th Energy Level
NA37,100.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
13.6.2 14th Energy Level
NA41,500.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
13.7.2 15th Energy Level
NA44,800.00 kJ/mol
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
13.8.2 16th Energy Level
NA48,100.00 kJ/mol
Iron Metal
47206 109480
13.9.2 17th Energy Level
NA55,101.00 kJ/mol
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
13.9.4 18th Energy Level
NA58,570.00 kJ/mol
Copper
58570 134810
13.9.6 19th Energy Level
NA148,700.00 kJ/mol
Copper Metal
64702 148700
13.9.8 20th Energy Level
NA159,000.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
13.9.9 21st Energy Level
NA169,400.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
13.9.11 22nd Energy Level
NA182,700.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
13.9.13 23rd Energy Level
NA194,000.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
13.9.14 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
13.9.17 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
13.9.18 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
13.9.19 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
13.9.22 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
13.9.24 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
13.9.27 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
13.10 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.98 g/amp-hr1.10 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
13.11 Electron Work Function
3.00 eV5.15 eV
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
13.12 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
14 Atomic
14.1 Atomic Number
6528
Lithium Metal
3 117
14.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
[Ar] 3d8 4s2 Or [Ar] 3d9 4s1
14.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
14.3.1 Crystal Lattice
14.4 Atom
14.4.1 Number of Protons
6528
Lithium Metal
3 117
14.4.4 Number of Neutrons
9431
Lithium Metal
4 184
14.4.7 Number of Electrons
6528
Lithium Metal
3 117
14.5 Radius of an Atom
14.5.1 Atomic Radius
177.00 pm124.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
14.5.4 Covalent Radius
194.00 pm124.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
14.5.7 Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm163.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
14.6 Atomic Weight
158.93 amu58.69 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
14.7 Atomic Volume
19.20 cm3/mol6.59 cm3/mol
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
14.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
14.8.1 Previous Element
14.8.2 Next Element
14.9 Valence Electron Potential
46.80 (-eV)42.00 (-eV)
Francium Metal
8 392.42
14.10 Lattice Constant
360.10 pm352.40 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
14.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
14.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58NA
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
8.23 g/cm38.91 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
15.1.6 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.65 g/cm37.81 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
15.2 Tensile Strength
60.00 MPa345.00 MPa
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
15.4 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
15.6 Vapor Pressure
15.6.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
16.1.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
12.50 (Pa)19.50 (Pa)
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
16.3 Elasticity properties
16.3.1 Shear Modulus
22.10 GPa76.00 GPa
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
16.7.1 Bulk Modulus
38.70 GPa180.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
17.1.1 Young's Modulus
55.70 GPa200.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
17.5 Poisson Ratio
0.260.31
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
17.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile
18 Magnetic
18.1 Magnetic Characteristics
18.1.1 Specific Gravity
8.238.90
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
18.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Ferromagnetic
18.1.5 Permeability
NA0.00 H/m
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
18.1.7 Susceptibility
NA600.00
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
18.4 Electrical Properties
18.4.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
18.4.2 Resistivity
1.15 nΩ·m69.30 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
18.5.2 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.14 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
18.8.1 Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol112.00 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
20 Thermal
20.1 Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)0.44 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
20.4 Molar Heat Capacity
28.91 J/mol·K26.07 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
20.9 Thermal Conductivity
11.10 W/m·K90.90 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
20.13 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
21.2 Thermal Expansion
10.30 µm/(m·K)13.40 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
22.2 Enthalpy
22.2.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
330.90 kJ/mol371.80 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
22.4.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
10.80 kJ/mol17.57 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
22.6.2 Enthalpy of Atomization
314.00 kJ/mol422.60 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
23.2 Standard Molar Entropy
73.20 J/mol.K29.90 J/mol.K
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1