1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
3.4 Period Number
3.7 Block
3.8 Element Family
3.9 CAS Number
74399107429916
7429905
54386242
3.14 Space Group Name
3.15 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
- If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
- Dysprosium acts stable in air at room temperature.
- Dysprosium behaves very much like paramagnetic metal.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %2 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
3.2.1 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %~0.0000002 %
1E-08
0.1
3.3.5 Abundance In Meteorites
5.1.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
5.6.2 Abundance In Oceans
5.9.2 Abundance In Humans
8 Uses
8.1 Uses & Benefits
- It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
- The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
- Dysprosium metal is highly reactive due to which it pure form is not as usual as its alloy.
-
Thi metals alloy is used in magnate as it is resistance to high temperature.
8.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
8.1.2 Medical Uses
8.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing
Alloys, Nuclear Research
8.2 Biological Properties
8.2.1 Toxicity
8.2.2 Present in Human Body
8.2.3 In Blood
8.5.2 In Bone
9 Physical
9.1 Melting Point
920.00 °C1,407.00 °C
27
3410
9.5 Boiling Point
3,469.00 °C2,562.00 °C
147
5660
9.6 Appearance
9.6.1 Physical State
9.6.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
9.6.3 Luster
9.7 Hardness
9.7.1 Mohs Hardness
9.8.4 Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa500.00 MPa
0.14
3490
10.3.3 Vickers Hardness
360.00 MPa540.00 MPa
121
3430
10.5 Speed of Sound
2,475.00 m/s2,710.00 m/s
818
16200
10.9 Optical Properties
10.9.1 Refractive Index
11.2.3 Reflectivity
11.3 Allotropes
11.3.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
11.3.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
11.3.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
12 Chemical
12.1 Chemical Formula
12.2 Isotopes
12.2.1 Known Isotopes
12.5 Electronegativity
12.5.1 Pauling Electronegativity
13.1.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
13.2.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
13.3.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
13.4.2 Allen Electronegativity
13.8 Electropositivity
13.8.1 Pauling Electropositivity
13.10 Ionization Energies
13.10.1 1st Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol573.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
13.10.5 2nd Energy Level
1,067.00 kJ/mol1,130.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
14.3.1 3rd Energy Level
1,850.30 kJ/mol2,200.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
14.3.4 4th Energy Level
4,819.00 kJ/mol3,990.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
15.1.1 5th Energy Level
5,940.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
15.1.3 6th Energy Level
15.1.5 7th Energy level
15.2.2 8th Energy Level
15.3.4 9th Energy Level
15.4.3 10th Energy Level
15.4.6 11th Energy Level
15.4.9 12th Energy Level
15.5.1 13th Energy Level
15.5.3 14th Energy Level
15.6.3 15th Energy Level
15.6.6 16th Energy Level
16.2.2 17th Energy Level
16.3.3 18th Energy Level
16.3.4 19th Energy Level
16.3.7 20th Energy Level
16.3.10 21st Energy Level
16.3.12 22nd Energy Level
16.3.14 23rd Energy Level
16.3.16 24th Energy Level
16.3.19 25th Energy Level
16.3.21 26th Energy Level
16.4.3 27th Energy Level
16.4.5 28th Energy Level
16.5.2 29th Energy Level
16.5.5 30th Energy Level
16.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.73 g/amp-hr2.02 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
16.7 Electron Work Function
16.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
17 Atomic
17.1 Atomic Number
17.3 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 5d2 6s2
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
17.4 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
17.4.1 Crystal Lattice
17.5 Atom
17.5.1 Number of Protons
17.6.2 Number of Neutrons
18.1.1 Number of Electrons
18.3 Radius of an Atom
18.3.1 Atomic Radius
187.00 pm178.00 pm
112
265
18.5.3 Covalent Radius
207.00 pm192.00 pm
96
260
18.5.5 Van der Waals Radius
240.00 pm229.00 pm
139
348
18.6 Atomic Weight
138.91 amu162.50 amu
6.94
294
18.7 Atomic Volume
20.73 cm3/mol19.00 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
18.9 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
18.9.1 Previous Element
18.9.2 Next Element
18.10 Valence Electron Potential
40.71 (-eV)47.40 (-eV)
8
392.42
18.11 Lattice Constant
377.20 pm359.30 pm
228.58
891.25
18.12 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
18.13 Lattice C/A Ratio
19 Mechanical
19.1 Density
19.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.16 g/cm38.54 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
19.1.4 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.94 g/cm38.37 g/cm3
0.512
20
19.3 Tensile Strength
19.6 Viscosity
1.3 Vapor Pressure
1.3.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
1.8 Elasticity properties
1.8.1 Shear Modulus
14.30 GPa24.70 GPa
1.3
222
2.4.2 Bulk Modulus
27.90 GPa40.50 GPa
1.6
462
2.6.3 Young's Modulus
36.60 GPa61.40 GPa
1.7
528
3.6 Poisson Ratio
3.8 Other Mechanical Properties
4 Magnetic
4.1 Magnetic Characteristics
4.1.1 Specific Gravity
4.2.4 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
4.2.5 Permeability
4.2.9 Susceptibility
4.5 Electrical Properties
4.5.1 Electrical Property
4.5.2 Resistivity
615.00 nΩ·m926.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
4.5.5 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.01 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
1.1.1 Electron Affinity
48.00 kJ/mol50.00 kJ/mol
0
222.8
3 Thermal
3.1 Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)0.17 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
4.6 Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K27.70 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
5.2 Thermal Conductivity
13.40 W/m·K10.70 W/m·K
6.3
429
5.5 Critical Temperature
5.6 Thermal Expansion
12.10 µm/(m·K)9.90 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
5.10 Enthalpy
5.10.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
399.60 kJ/mol230.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
5.11.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
6.20 kJ/mol11.05 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
5.13.2 Enthalpy of Atomization
431.00 kJ/mol301.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
5.16 Standard Molar Entropy
56.90 J/mol.K75.60 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1