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Properties of Cobalt and Rubidium

Cobalt
Rubidium
Properties of Rubidium & Cobalt


Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,495.00 °C   
29
38.89 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
2,870.00 °C   
34
688.00 °C   
99+
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.00   
8
0.30   
24
Brinell Hardness
470.00 MPa   
26
0.22 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,043.00 MPa   
11
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
67.00 %   
11
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
4,720.00 m/s   
14
1,300.00 m/s   
99+
Allotropes
Yes   
No   
α Allotropes
?
It forms above 417 °C simple cubic (metallic)Α-Cobalt   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
?
It forms below 417 °C hexagonal close packed (hcp) (metallic)Β-Cobalt   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Co   
Rb   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
26   
13
29   
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.88   
12
0.82   
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.56   
1
0.31   
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.70   
5
0.89   
40
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.69   
24
Allen Electronegativity
1.84   
10
0.71   
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.12   
99+
3.18   
3
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
760.40 kJ/mol   
19
403.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,648.00 kJ/mol   
31
2,633.00 kJ/mol   
6
3rd Energy Level
3,232.00 kJ/mol   
22
3,860.00 kJ/mol   
11
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.10 g/amp-hr   
99+
3.19 g/amp-hr   
14
Electron Work Function
5.00 eV   
5
2.16 eV   
99+
Other Chemical Properties
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization   
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
4.51 g/cm3   
99+
1.53 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.11 g/cm3   
99+
1.46 g/cm3   
99+
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)   
14
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
434.00 MPa   
9
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa   
17
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa   
15
2.50 GPa   
99+
Young's Modulus
116.00 GPa   
18
2.40 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.32   
12
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile   
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Co   
Rb   
Group Number
9   
9
1   
17
Period Number
4   
5   
Block
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
?
The s-block is on the left side of the periodic table that includes elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus helium.s block   
Element Family
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
?
All alkali metals are placed under group number 1 and s-block of periodic table. These metals are highly reactive and are found in ores of other metals and minerals. Alkali metals can be easily distinguished from others as these metals have only 1 electronAlkali   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
22   
99+
37   
99+
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu   
99+
85.47 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
10.64 cm3/mol   
99+
55.90 cm3/mol   
2
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d2 4s2   
[Kr] 5s1   
Valence Electron Potential
95.20 (-eV)   
10
9.47 (-eV)   
99+
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
22   
99+
37   
99+
Number of Neutrons
26   
99+
48   
99+
Number of Electrons
22   
99+
37   
99+
Crystal Structure
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
?
BCC is a basis type of cubic crystal structure. In crystallography, the cubic crystals structure is a crystal system where the unit cell has a cube shaped structure. This is one of the simplest crystal structure found in crystals of metal.Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cobalt.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
147.00 pm   
34
248.00 pm   
2
Covalent Radius
160.00 pm   
30
220.00 pm   
4
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
303.00 pm   
3
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm   
99+
558.50 pm   
10
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Nickel
  
Strontium
  
Previous Element
Iron
  
Gallium
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
420.00 nΩ·m   
12
128.00 nΩ·m   
26
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.08 106/cm Ω   
24
Electron Affinity
7.60 kJ/mol   
37
46.90 kJ/mol   
24
Electrical Property
?
Poor conductor metals have moderate resistance to electric currents. They can conduct electric current through them with very low efficiency.Poor Conductor   
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
4,500.00   
1
1.53   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.52 J/(kg K)   
9
0.36 J/(kg K)   
17
Thermal Conductivity
21.90 W/m·K   
99+
58.20 W/m·K   
26
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
2,093.00 K   
4
Molar Heat Capacity
25.06 J/mol·K   
99+
31.06 J/mol·K   
5
Thermal Expansion
8.60 µm/(m·K)   
99+
90.00 µm/(m·K)   
2
Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
76.80 J/mol.K   
5
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol   
15
69.20 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol   
19
2.19 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol   
15
82.00 kJ/mol   
99+
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