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Properties of Radium and Gold

Radium
Gold
Properties of Gold & Radium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
700.00 °C   
99+
1,064.43 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C   
99+
2,807.00 °C   
36
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
194.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
216.00 MPa   
31
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
95.00 %   
2
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,030.00 m/s   
99+
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ra   
Au   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
36   
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90   
99+
2.54   
1
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97   
38
1.42   
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92   
20
1.87   
7
Allen Electronegativity
0.89   
99+
1.92   
5
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10   
5
1.46   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol   
99+
890.10 kJ/mol   
8
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,980.00 kJ/mol   
12
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr   
6
2.45 g/amp-hr   
21
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
5.10 eV   
4
Other Chemical Properties
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity   
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
19.30 g/cm3   
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
17.31 g/cm3   
6
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
23
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
67.00 (Pa)   
4
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
120.00 MPa   
15
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
27.00 GPa   
27
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
180.00 GPa   
9
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
79.00 GPa   
24
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.40   
4
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra   
Au   
Group Number
2   
16
11   
7
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
?
The s-block is on the left side of the periodic table that includes elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus helium.s block   
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
Element Family
?
All alkaline earth metals are placed under group number 2 and s-block of periodic table. These metals are somewhat reactive at standard conditions. Alkaline earth metals appear shiny, silvery-white and are found in the earth’s crust.Alkaline Earth   
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
88   
30
79   
37
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu   
26
196.97 amu   
33
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol   
4
10.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1   
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)   
99+
43.40 (-eV)   
99+
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
88   
30
79   
37
Number of Neutrons
138   
16
118   
23
Number of Electrons
88   
30
79   
37
Crystal Structure
?
BCC is a basis type of cubic crystal structure. In crystallography, the cubic crystals structure is a crystal system where the unit cell has a cube shaped structure. This is one of the simplest crystal structure found in crystals of metal.Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
?
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available   
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm   
3
144.00 pm   
40
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm   
4
166.00 pm   
39
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm   
13
407.82 pm   
21
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.61   
4
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Actinium
  
Mercury
  
Previous Element
Francium
  
Platinum
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m   
31
2.20 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.45 106/cm Ω   
3
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
222.80 kJ/mol   
1
Electrical Property
NA   
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.00   
99+
19.32   
8
Magnetic Ordering
?
Nonmagnetic metals are non magnetic in nature and do not show or exhibit any magnetic properties.Nonmagnetic   
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K   
99+
318.00 W/m·K   
3
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
25.42 J/mol·K   
40
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
14.20 µm/(m·K)   
26
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K   
14
47.40 J/mol.K   
32
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
324.40 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
12.55 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol   
99+
364.00 kJ/mol   
25
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