Properties of Yttrium and Gallium
Melting Point
1,523.00 °C
  
27
Boiling Point
3,337.00 °C
  
21
2,403.00 °C
  
99+
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Reflectivity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
3,300.00 m/s
  
23
2,740.00 m/s
  
31
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Y
  
Ga
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
578.80 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,979.30 kJ/mol
  
13
3rd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
2,963.00 kJ/mol
  
28
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr
  
99+
0.87 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
4.47 g/cm3
  
99+
5.91 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.24 g/cm3
  
99+
6.10 g/cm3
  
99+
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
  
Symbol
Y
  
Ga
  
Period Number
5
  
4
  
Atomic Volume
19.80 cm3/mol
  
21
11.80 cm3/mol
  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
  
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
  
Valence Electron Potential
48.00 (-eV)
  
30
69.70 (-eV)
  
19
Atom
  
  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100
  
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
270.00 nΩ·m
  
15
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
  
99+
0.07 106/cm Ω
  
29
Electron Affinity
29.60 kJ/mol
  
30
28.90 kJ/mol
  
31
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Permeability
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Susceptibility
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)
  
18
0.37 J/(kg K)
  
16
Thermal Conductivity
17.20 W/m·K
  
99+
40.60 W/m·K
  
34
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
26.53 J/mol·K
  
27
25.86 J/mol·K
  
35
Thermal Expansion
10.60 µm/(m·K)
  
37
18.00 µm/(m·K)
  
24
Standard Molar Entropy
44.40 J/mol.K
  
33
40.80 J/mol.K
  
38
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
393.00 kJ/mol
  
18
256.10 kJ/mol
  
36
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.15 kJ/mol
  
16
5.59 kJ/mol
  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
418.00 kJ/mol
  
18
276.10 kJ/mol
  
39