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Properties of Zirconium and Vanadium

Zirconium
Vanadium
Properties of Vanadium & Zirconium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,852.00 °C   
15
1,890.00 °C   
13
Boiling Point
4,377.00 °C   
11
3,380.00 °C   
20
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.00   
8
6.70   
4
Brinell Hardness
638.00 MPa   
19
600.00 MPa   
20
Vickers Hardness
820.00 MPa   
15
628.00 MPa   
17
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
61.00 %   
14
Speed of Sound
3,800.00 m/s   
20
4,560.00 m/s   
17
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Zr   
V   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
24   
15
22   
17
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.33   
30
1.63   
20
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.90   
25
1.39   
17
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22   
26
1.45   
16
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.32   
34
1.53   
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.67   
24
2.37   
34
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
640.10 kJ/mol   
99+
650.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,270.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,414.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,218.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,830.00 kJ/mol   
35
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.85 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.38 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.05 eV   
26
4.30 eV   
18
Other Chemical Properties
?
Anti-corrosion metals have the protection on their surfaces which protect them from corroding in corrosive environments.Anti Corrosion, 
?
Flammable metals have ability to burn or ignite, causing fire or combustion.Flammable, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
?
Anti-corrosion metals have the protection on their surfaces which protect them from corroding in corrosive environments.Anti Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
6.52 g/cm3   
99+
6.00 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.80 g/cm3   
99+
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
21
0.23 (Pa)   
16
Tensile Strength
330.00 MPa   
12
800.00 MPa   
6
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
33.00 GPa   
20
47.00 GPa   
16
Bulk Modulus
91.10 GPa   
17
160.00 GPa   
11
Young's Modulus
88.00 GPa   
22
128.00 GPa   
15
Poisson Ratio
0.34   
10
0.37   
7
Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable   
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Zr   
V   
Group Number
4   
14
5   
13
Period Number
5   
4   
Block
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
Element Family
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
40   
99+
23   
99+
Atomic Weight
91.22 amu   
99+
50.94 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
14.10 cm3/mol   
36
8.78 cm3/mol   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d2 5s2   
[Ar] 3d3 4s2   
Valence Electron Potential
80.00 (-eV)   
18
120.00 (-eV)   
6
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
40   
99+
23   
99+
Number of Neutrons
51   
99+
28   
99+
Number of Electrons
40   
99+
23   
99+
Crystal Structure
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
?
BCC is a basis type of cubic crystal structure. In crystallography, the cubic crystals structure is a crystal system where the unit cell has a cube shaped structure. This is one of the simplest crystal structure found in crystals of metal.Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zirconium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
160.00 pm   
27
134.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
175.00 pm   
23
153.00 pm   
33
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
200.00 pm   
28
Lattice Constant
323.20 pm   
99+
303.00 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59   
8
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Niobium
  
Chromium
  
Previous Element
Yttrium
  
Titanium
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
421.00 nΩ·m   
11
197.00 nΩ·m   
19
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.05 106/cm Ω   
35
Electron Affinity
41.10 kJ/mol   
27
50.60 kJ/mol   
20
Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
?
Under certain conditions, superconductor metals offer zero resistance to electric current it means this type of metals will conduct electricity without any resistance.Superconductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
6.51   
99+
5.96   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.27 J/(kg K)   
19
0.49 J/(kg K)   
10
Thermal Conductivity
22.60 W/m·K   
99+
30.70 W/m·K   
39
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K   
99+
24.89 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Expansion
5.70 µm/(m·K)   
99+
8.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
39.00 J/mol.K   
39
28.90 J/mol.K   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
581.60 kJ/mol   
9
458.60 kJ/mol   
14
Enthalpy of Fusion
20.90 kJ/mol   
11
17.57 kJ/mol   
14
Enthalpy of Atomization
598.00 kJ/mol   
10
514.60 kJ/mol   
13
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