1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.3 Period Number
2.6 Block
2.7 Element Family
Transition Metal
Actinide
2.8 CAS Number
74402027429927
7429905
54386242
2.10 Space Group Name
2.11 Space Group Number
4 Facts
4.1 Interesting Facts
- Scandium is known as one of the rare earth elements.
- Scandium metal found in rare minerals called Wolframite .
- Einsteinium is the transuranic element found in US.
- Only 0.01 mg of Einsteinium was synthesized in 1961.
4.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons
4.3 History
4.3.1 Who Discovered
Lars Fredrik Nilson
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
4.3.2 Discovery
4.4 Abundance
4.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4.5.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.000004 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
4.6.1 Abundance In Meteorites
4.9.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
5.2.2 Abundance In Oceans
5.3.2 Abundance In Humans
6 Uses
6.1 Uses & Benefits
- Uses of Scandium are limited to research purpose only. However, it has very low density and higher melting point.
-
Its compounds like scandium iodide is used in mercury vapor lamps to produce very bright white light.
- Currently known uses of Einsteinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
6.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
6.1.2 Medical Uses
6.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
6.2 Biological Properties
6.2.1 Toxicity
6.2.2 Present in Human Body
6.2.3 In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
6.3.1 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
7 Physical
7.1 Melting Point
1,539.00 °C860.00 °C
27
3410
7.3 Boiling Point
2,832.00 °C996.00 °C
147
5660
7.5 Appearance
7.5.1 Physical State
7.5.2 Color
7.5.3 Luster
7.6 Hardness
7.6.1 Mohs Hardness
7.6.3 Brinell Hardness
7.6.6 Vickers Hardness
7.7 Speed of Sound
7.8 Optical Properties
7.8.1 Refractive Index
7.8.3 Reflectivity
7.9 Allotropes
7.9.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.9.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.9.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.3 Electronegativity
8.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.3.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.3.7 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.3.9 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.3.12 Allen Electronegativity
8.4 Electropositivity
8.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.5 Ionization Energies
8.5.1 1st Energy Level
633.10 kJ/mol619.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
8.5.3 2nd Energy Level
1,235.00 kJ/mol1,216.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
8.5.5 3rd Energy Level
2,388.60 kJ/mol2,334.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
8.5.7 4th Energy Level
7,090.60 kJ/mol3,734.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
8.5.10 5th Energy Level
8,843.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
8.5.12 6th Energy Level
10,679.00 kJ/molNA
5715.8
105800
8.6.1 7th Energy level
13,310.00 kJ/molNA
7226.8
114300
8.6.2 8th Energy Level
15,250.00 kJ/molNA
8857.4
125300
8.7.1 9th Energy Level
17,370.00 kJ/molNA
14110
134700
8.7.2 10th Energy Level
21,726.00 kJ/molNA
17100
144300
9.1.1 11th Energy Level
24,102.00 kJ/molNA
19900
169988
9.4.2 12th Energy Level
66,320.00 kJ/molNA
22219
189368
9.4.4 13th Energy Level
73,010.00 kJ/molNA
26930
76015
9.4.5 14th Energy Level
80,160.00 kJ/molNA
29196
86450
9.4.7 15th Energy Level
89,490.00 kJ/molNA
41987
97510
9.5.2 16th Energy Level
97,400.00 kJ/molNA
47206
109480
9.5.4 17th Energy Level
105,600.00 kJ/molNA
52737
122200
9.5.6 18th Energy Level
117,000.00 kJ/molNA
58570
134810
9.5.7 19th Energy Level
124,270.00 kJ/molNA
64702
148700
9.6.1 20th Energy Level
9.6.2 21st Energy Level
9.7.1 22nd Energy Level
9.7.2 23rd Energy Level
9.9.1 24th Energy Level
9.9.2 25th Energy Level
9.10.1 26th Energy Level
9.10.2 27th Energy Level
9.12.1 28th Energy Level
10.1.2 29th Energy Level
10.1.3 30th Energy Level
10.2 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.56 g/amp-hr4.74 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
10.4 Electron Work Function
10.6 Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
11 Atomic
11.1 Atomic Number
11.3 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d1 4s2
[Rn] 5f11 7s2
11.4 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
11.4.1 Crystal Lattice
11.5 Atom
11.5.1 Number of Protons
11.5.3 Number of Neutrons
11.6.2 Number of Electrons
11.7 Radius of an Atom
11.7.1 Atomic Radius
162.00 pm186.00 pm
112
265
11.7.3 Covalent Radius
11.7.4 Van der Waals Radius
11.8 Atomic Weight
44.96 amu252.00 amu
6.94
294
11.10 Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/molNA
1.39
71.07
12.2 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
12.2.1 Previous Element
12.2.2 Next Element
12.3 Valence Electron Potential
12.4 Lattice Constant
330.90 pmNA
228.58
891.25
12.5 Lattice Angles
12.6 Lattice C/A Ratio
13 Mechanical
13.1 Density
13.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
2.99 g/cm38.84 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
13.2.3 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.3 Tensile Strength
13.4 Viscosity
13.5 Vapor Pressure
13.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
13.5.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
91.30 (Pa)NA
2.62E-10
774
14.2 Elasticity properties
14.2.1 Shear Modulus
14.3.1 Bulk Modulus
14.4.1 Young's Modulus
14.6 Poisson Ratio
14.8 Other Mechanical Properties
15 Magnetic
15.1 Magnetic Characteristics
15.1.1 Specific Gravity
15.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
15.1.3 Permeability
15.2.2 Susceptibility
15.3 Electrical Properties
15.3.1 Electrical Property
15.3.2 Resistivity
15.3.4 Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
15.3.6 Electron Affinity
16 Thermal
16.1 Specific Heat
16.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
16.3 Thermal Conductivity
16.4 Critical Temperature
16.5 Thermal Expansion
16.6 Enthalpy
16.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
314.20 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
16.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
16.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
16.7 Standard Molar Entropy
34.60 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1