1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.4 Period Number
1.5 Block
1.6 Element Family
1.7 CAS Number
74402797439932
7429905
54386242
1.11 Space Group Name
1.12 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- At times Terbium metal acts same as Calcium.
- Terbium metal closely similar to Lanthanum metal.
- Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
- Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Found with Other Rare Earth Metals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Johan August Arfwedson
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %6 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
3.1.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %~0.00017 %
1E-08
0.1
3.2.2 Abundance In Meteorites
3.6.5 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.7.2 Abundance In Oceans
3.8.2 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- Terbium salts are used in optical devices like laser devices.
-
Terbium’s alloy lengthens and shortens the magnetic field and this effect forms loudspeaker.
- The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
- it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
4.1.2 Medical Uses
4.1.3 Other Uses
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
1.1.1 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
2.1.2 In Bone
3 Physical
3.1 Melting Point
1,356.00 °C180.54 °C
27
3410
3.5 Boiling Point
3,123.00 °C1,347.00 °C
147
5660
3.9 Appearance
3.9.1 Physical State
3.9.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
3.9.3 Luster
3.10 Hardness
3.10.1 Mohs Hardness
1.2.1 Brinell Hardness
677.00 MPa5.00 MPa
0.14
3490
1.5.3 Vickers Hardness
2.2 Speed of Sound
2,620.00 m/s6,000.00 m/s
818
16200
2.7 Optical Properties
2.7.1 Refractive Index
2.12.3 Reflectivity
4.2 Allotropes
4.2.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.2.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.2.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
7.5 Electronegativity
7.5.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.1.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.4.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.6.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.10.2 Allen Electronegativity
9.5 Electropositivity
9.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.8 Ionization Energies
9.8.1 1st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol520.20 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.9.1 2nd Energy Level
1,174.80 kJ/mol7,298.10 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
11.3.1 3rd Energy Level
2,417.00 kJ/mol11,815.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
12.3.1 4th Energy Level
4,203.00 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
13.3.2 5th Energy Level
13.6.1 6th Energy Level
13.6.2 7th Energy level
13.7.1 8th Energy Level
13.8.2 9th Energy Level
13.8.4 10th Energy Level
13.8.8 11th Energy Level
13.10.2 12th Energy Level
13.10.4 13th Energy Level
13.12.2 14th Energy Level
13.14.0 15th Energy Level
14.3.1 16th Energy Level
14.3.3 17th Energy Level
15.2.2 18th Energy Level
15.2.4 19th Energy Level
15.2.7 20th Energy Level
15.2.10 21st Energy Level
15.2.12 22nd Energy Level
15.2.13 23rd Energy Level
15.3.3 24th Energy Level
15.3.6 25th Energy Level
15.3.9 26th Energy Level
15.3.11 27th Energy Level
15.3.12 28th Energy Level
15.3.16 29th Energy Level
15.3.17 30th Energy Level
15.4 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.98 g/amp-hr0.26 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
16.3 Electron Work Function
16.7 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
17 Atomic
17.1 Atomic Number
17.2 Electron Configuration
17.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
17.4.1 Crystal Lattice
17.5 Atom
17.5.1 Number of Protons
17.5.5 Number of Neutrons
17.6.3 Number of Electrons
17.9 Radius of an Atom
17.9.1 Atomic Radius
177.00 pm152.00 pm
112
265
17.9.5 Covalent Radius
194.00 pm128.00 pm
96
260
17.9.9 Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm182.00 pm
139
348
17.10 Atomic Weight
158.93 amu6.94 amu
6.94
294
17.12 Atomic Volume
19.20 cm3/mol13.10 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
18.2 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
18.2.1 Previous Element
18.2.2 Next Element
18.3 Valence Electron Potential
46.80 (-eV)19.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
18.5 Lattice Constant
360.10 pm351.00 pm
228.58
891.25
18.7 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
18.8 Lattice C/A Ratio
19 Mechanical
19.1 Density
19.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
8.23 g/cm30.53 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
19.2.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.65 g/cm30.51 g/cm3
0.512
20
1.4 Tensile Strength
1.5 Viscosity
1.8 Vapor Pressure
1.8.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)109.00 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
1.9.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
12.50 (Pa)NA
2.62E-10
774
2.2 Elasticity properties
2.2.1 Shear Modulus
22.10 GPa4.20 GPa
1.3
222
2.5.3 Bulk Modulus
38.70 GPa11.00 GPa
1.6
462
2.5.9 Young's Modulus
55.70 GPa4.90 GPa
1.7
528
2.8 Poisson Ratio
2.10 Other Mechanical Properties
3 Magnetic
3.1 Magnetic Characteristics
3.1.1 Specific Gravity
3.2.1 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
3.2.2 Permeability
3.4.2 Susceptibility
3.6 Electrical Properties
3.6.1 Electrical Property
3.6.2 Resistivity
1.15 nΩ·m92.80 nΩ·m
0.18
961
4.2.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.11 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
4.4.1 Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol59.60 kJ/mol
0
222.8
6 Thermal
6.1 Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)3.60 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
6.5 Molar Heat Capacity
28.91 J/mol·K24.86 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
6.7 Thermal Conductivity
11.10 W/m·K84.80 W/m·K
6.3
429
6.9 Critical Temperature
6.11 Thermal Expansion
10.30 µm/(m·K)46.00 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
7.3 Enthalpy
7.3.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
330.90 kJ/mol134.70 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
7.5.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
10.80 kJ/mol3.00 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
7.5.4 Enthalpy of Atomization
314.00 kJ/mol160.70 kJ/mol
61.5
837
7.8 Standard Molar Entropy
73.20 J/mol.K29.10 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1