1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
3.3 Period Number
4.3 Block
4.4 Element Family
Actinide
Post-Transition
4.5 CAS Number
74403597439921
7429905
54386242
4.8 Space Group Name
4.9 Space Group Number
6 Facts
6.1 Interesting Facts
- Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
- Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
- Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
- The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
6.2 Sources
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
6.3 History
6.3.1 Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso
Unknown
6.3.2 Discovery
In 1944
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)
6.4 Abundance
6.4.1 Abundance In Universe
6.8.1 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.000001 %
1E-08
0.1
6.12.2 Abundance In Meteorites
7.3.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
7.6.3 Abundance In Oceans
7.7.2 Abundance In Humans
8 Uses
8.1 Uses & Benefits
- Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
-
In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
- It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
8.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
8.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
8.1.4 Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Alloys
8.2 Biological Properties
8.2.1 Toxicity
8.2.2 Present in Human Body
8.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.21 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
8.4.2 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.30.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
9 Physical
9.1 Melting Point
994.00 °C327.50 °C
27
3410
10.4 Boiling Point
2,607.00 °C1,740.00 °C
147
5660
10.9 Appearance
10.9.1 Physical State
10.9.3 Color
10.9.4 Luster
10.10 Hardness
10.10.1 Mohs Hardness
10.10.7 Brinell Hardness
10.11.3 Vickers Hardness
10.13 Speed of Sound
10.14 Optical Properties
10.14.1 Refractive Index
10.15.2 Reflectivity
10.16 Allotropes
10.16.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.16.3 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.16.4 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
11 Chemical
11.1 Chemical Formula
11.2 Isotopes
11.2.1 Known Isotopes
11.5 Electronegativity
11.5.1 Pauling Electronegativity
11.8.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
12.1.5 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
13.1.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
13.1.10 Allen Electronegativity
13.2 Electropositivity
13.2.1 Pauling Electropositivity
13.6 Ionization Energies
13.6.1 1st Energy Level
578.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
13.8.2 2nd Energy Level
1,158.00 kJ/mol1,450.50 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
13.9.6 3rd Energy Level
2,132.00 kJ/mol3,081.50 kJ/mol
1600
34230
14.2.5 4th Energy Level
3,493.00 kJ/mol4,083.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
14.7.5 5th Energy Level
NA6,640.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
14.9.2 6th Energy Level
15.1.4 7th Energy level
1.4.3 8th Energy Level
2.1.4 9th Energy Level
2.7.1 10th Energy Level
2.12.1 11th Energy Level
4.6.1 12th Energy Level
5.6.1 13th Energy Level
5.14.1 14th Energy Level
7.3.2 15th Energy Level
7.8.2 16th Energy Level
1.16.2 17th Energy Level
1.18.1 18th Energy Level
1.2.2 19th Energy Level
3.1.2 20th Energy Level
3.6.1 21st Energy Level
3.9.1 22nd Energy Level
3.13.3 23rd Energy Level
4.2.1 24th Energy Level
4.6.1 25th Energy Level
6.1.1 26th Energy Level
6.5.3 27th Energy Level
6.7.4 28th Energy Level
6.8.2 29th Energy Level
6.10.3 30th Energy Level
7.3 Electrochemical Equivalent
3.02 g/amp-hr3.87 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
7.6 Electron Work Function
8.3 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
9 Atomic
9.1 Atomic Number
1.3 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f7 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
1.4 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
2.1.1 Crystal Lattice
2.2 Atom
2.2.1 Number of Protons
2.9.2 Number of Neutrons
3.3.2 Number of Electrons
3.7 Radius of an Atom
3.7.1 Atomic Radius
173.00 pm175.00 pm
112
265
3.10.2 Covalent Radius
180.00 pm146.00 pm
96
260
3.15.2 Van der Waals Radius
244.00 pm202.00 pm
139
348
4.3 Atomic Weight
243.00 amu207.20 amu
6.94
294
4.4 Atomic Volume
17.86 cm3/mol18.17 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
5.2 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
5.2.1 Previous Element
5.2.2 Next Element
5.3 Valence Electron Potential
44.00 (-eV)24.20 (-eV)
8
392.42
5.8 Lattice Constant
346.81 pm495.08 pm
228.58
891.25
6.3 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.4 Lattice C/A Ratio
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
12.00 g/cm311.34 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
7.5.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.10 Tensile Strength
7.11 Viscosity
8.3 Vapor Pressure
8.3.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)1.64 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
8.5.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
8.9 Elasticity properties
8.9.1 Shear Modulus
9.1.1 Bulk Modulus
9.2.4 Young's Modulus
9.5 Poisson Ratio
10.2 Other Mechanical Properties
11 Magnetic
11.1 Magnetic Characteristics
11.1.1 Specific Gravity
11.1.5 Magnetic Ordering
11.1.6 Permeability
1.2.3 Susceptibility
1.5 Electrical Properties
1.5.1 Electrical Property
1.5.2 Resistivity
0.69 nΩ·m208.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
1.3.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω0.05 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
1.14.1 Electron Affinity
5 Thermal
5.1 Specific Heat
0.11 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
6.6 Molar Heat Capacity
62.70 J/mol·K26.65 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
6.9 Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K35.30 W/m·K
6.3
429
6.12 Critical Temperature
7.3 Thermal Expansion
10.2 Enthalpy
10.2.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA179.40 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
10.4.6 Enthalpy of Fusion
14.39 kJ/mol4.77 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
12.1.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
268.00 kJ/mol194.60 kJ/mol
61.5
837
12.4 Standard Molar Entropy
NA64.80 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1