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Properties of Osmium and Ruthenium


Properties of Ruthenium & Osmium


Physical Properties

Melting Point
3,045.00 °C   
3
2,250.00 °C   
8

Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C   
6
3,900.00 °C   
14

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
7.00   
3
6.50   
5

Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa   
1
2,160.00 MPa   
3

Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   

Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s   
11
5,970.00 m/s   
4

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Os   
Ru   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
35   
4
26   
13

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
2.20   
4
2.20   
4

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.52   
12
1.42   
18

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
1.65   
19
1.54   
25

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
1.80   
99+
1.80   
99+

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol   
12
710.20 kJ/mol   
32

2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol   
99+
710.22 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,747.00 kJ/mol   
37

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr   
38
1.26 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
4.83 eV   
8
4.71 eV   
9

Other Chemical Properties
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  
?
Anti-corrosion metals have the protection on their surfaces which protect them from corroding in corrosive environments.Anti Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm3   
9
12.45 g/cm3   
27

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm3   
1
10.65 g/cm3   
16

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
28
0.00 (Pa)   
23

Tensile Strength
1,000.00 MPa   
4
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa   
1
173.00 GPa   
4

Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa   
1
220.00 GPa   
7

Young's Modulus
Not Available   
447.00 GPa   
3

Poisson Ratio
0.25   
24
0.30   
14

Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile
  
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable
  

Periodic Table

Symbol
Os   
Ru   

Group Number
8   
10
8   
10

Period Number
6   
5   

Block
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block
  
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block
  

Element Family
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal
  
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal
  

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
76   
40
44   
99+

Atomic Weight
190.23 amu   
35
101.07 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol   
99+
8.30 cm3/mol   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2   
[Kr] 4d7 5s1   

Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)   
12
64.00 (-eV)   
22

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
76   
39
44   
99+

Number of Neutrons
114   
25
57   
99+

Number of Electrons
76   
39
44   
99+

Crystal Structure
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
rystal-Structure-of-Ruthenium.jpg#100   

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
133.80 pm   
99+
134.00 pm   
99+

Covalent Radius
Not Available   
146.00 pm   
38

Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm   
24
200.00 pm   
28

Lattice Constant
273.44 pm   
99+
270.59 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58   
14
1.58   
11

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Next Element
Iridium
  
Rhodium
  

Previous Element
Rhenium
  
Technetium
  

Magnetic Properties

Electrical Properties
  
  

Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m   
35
71.00 nΩ·m   
38

Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω   
18
0.14 106/cm Ω   
16

Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol   
9
101.30 kJ/mol   
10

Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
22.57   
2
12.45   
19

Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  

Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   

Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.24 J/(kg K)   
24

Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K   
19
117.00 W/m·K   
13

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K   
99+
24.06 J/mol·K   
99+

Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)   
99+
6.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K   
99+
28.50 J/mol.K   
99+

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol   
7
567.80 kJ/mol   
10

Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol   
4
25.50 kJ/mol   
7

Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol   
6
603.00 kJ/mol   
9

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