Properties of Titanium and Niobium
Melting Point
1,660.00 °C
  
18
Boiling Point
3,287.00 °C
  
22
2,468.00 °C
  
99+
Hardness
  
  
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Reflectivity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
5,090.00 m/s
  
9
3,480.00 m/s
  
21
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Ti
  
Nb
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol
  
39
652.10 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,380.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,652.50 kJ/mol
  
99+
2,416.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr
  
99+
0.69 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
4.51 g/cm3
  
99+
8.57 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.11 g/cm3
  
99+
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Symbol
Ti
  
Nb
  
Period Number
4
  
5
  
Atomic Volume
10.64 cm3/mol
  
99+
10.87 cm3/mol
  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
  
[Kr] 4d4 5s1
  
Valence Electron Potential
95.20 (-eV)
  
10
104.00 (-eV)
  
8
Atom
  
  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100
  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
420.00 nΩ·m
  
12
152.00 nΩ·m
  
23
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
  
99+
0.07 106/cm Ω
  
28
Electron Affinity
7.60 kJ/mol
  
37
86.10 kJ/mol
  
12
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Permeability
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Susceptibility
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.52 J/(kg K)
  
9
0.26 J/(kg K)
  
20
Thermal Conductivity
21.90 W/m·K
  
99+
53.70 W/m·K
  
29
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
25.06 J/mol·K
  
99+
24.60 J/mol·K
  
99+
Thermal Expansion
8.60 µm/(m·K)
  
99+
7.30 µm/(m·K)
  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K
  
99+
36.40 J/mol.K
  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol
  
15
696.60 kJ/mol
  
4
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol
  
19
27.20 kJ/mol
  
6
Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol
  
15
745.00 kJ/mol
  
4