1 Periodic Table
1.2 Symbol
1.3 Group Number
1.4 Period Number
1.6 Block
1.7 Element Family
Actinide
Transition Metal
1.8 CAS Number
74406117440031
7429905
54386242
1.13 Space Group Name
1.14 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
- Niobium metal was used to get called Columbium in past.
- Niobium metal found freely in nature (abundance).
2.2 Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals
By-product of Tin Extraction, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Not Available
Charles Hatchett
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %2 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
4.2.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %~0.0000004 %
1E-08
0.1
4.2.4 Abundance In Meteorites
4.3.3 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.3.6 Abundance In Oceans
4.3.9 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
-
Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
- Niobium alloys are used in jet engines and rockets and spacecraft, beams and girders for buildings and oil and gas pipelines.
- It is used superconducting magnets in particles accelerators, NMR and MRI equipment.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
5.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
NA0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
6.2.4 In Bone
7 Physical
7.1 Melting Point
1,132.00 °C2,468.00 °C
27
3410
8.2 Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C2,468.00 °C
147
5660
8.4 Appearance
8.4.1 Physical State
8.4.2 Color
8.4.3 Luster
8.5 Hardness
8.5.1 Mohs Hardness
8.7.2 Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa735.00 MPa
0.14
3490
8.7.4 Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa870.00 MPa
121
3430
8.8 Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s3,480.00 m/s
818
16200
8.9 Optical Properties
8.9.2 Refractive Index
8.10.1 Reflectivity
8.11 Allotropes
8.11.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.11.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.11.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9 Chemical
9.1 Chemical Formula
9.2 Isotopes
9.2.1 Known Isotopes
9.4 Electronegativity
9.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
10.2.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
10.2.5 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
10.3.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
10.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
10.4 Electropositivity
10.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
10.5 Ionization Energies
10.5.1 1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol652.10 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
10.5.4 2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol1,380.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
10.5.6 3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol2,416.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
10.7.2 4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol3,700.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
10.7.5 5th Energy Level
NA4,877.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
10.7.9 6th Energy Level
NA9,847.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
10.7.12 7th Energy level
NA12,100.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
10.7.14 8th Energy Level
10.7.17 9th Energy Level
10.7.21 10th Energy Level
10.7.24 11th Energy Level
10.7.28 12th Energy Level
10.7.32 13th Energy Level
10.8.1 14th Energy Level
10.9.1 15th Energy Level
10.10.1 16th Energy Level
11.1.2 17th Energy Level
11.3.1 18th Energy Level
11.4.3 19th Energy Level
11.4.6 20th Energy Level
11.4.8 21st Energy Level
11.4.11 22nd Energy Level
11.4.12 23rd Energy Level
11.5.2 24th Energy Level
11.5.4 25th Energy Level
11.5.7 26th Energy Level
11.5.10 27th Energy Level
11.6.1 28th Energy Level
11.6.3 29th Energy Level
11.7.1 30th Energy Level
11.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr0.69 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
11.11 Electron Work Function
11.13 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
12 Atomic
12.1 Atomic Number
12.4 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2
[Kr] 4d4 5s1
12.5 Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
13.1.2 Crystal Lattice
13.2 Atom
13.2.1 Number of Protons
13.3.1 Number of Neutrons
13.4.1 Number of Electrons
14.3 Radius of an Atom
14.3.1 Atomic Radius
156.00 pm146.00 pm
112
265
14.7.2 Covalent Radius
196.00 pm164.00 pm
96
260
14.7.4 Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm200.00 pm
139
348
14.8 Atomic Weight
238.03 amu92.91 amu
6.94
294
14.10 Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol10.87 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
14.12 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
14.12.1 Previous Element
14.12.2 Next Element
14.13 Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)104.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
14.14 Lattice Constant
295.08 pm330.04 pm
228.58
891.25
14.17 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
14.18 Lattice C/A Ratio
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm38.57 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
16.2.3 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.5 Tensile Strength
16.8 Viscosity
16.11 Vapor Pressure
16.11.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
17.1.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
17.2 Elasticity properties
17.2.1 Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa38.00 GPa
1.3
222
18.1.1 Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa170.00 GPa
1.6
462
18.4.2 Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa105.00 GPa
1.7
528
18.7 Poisson Ratio
18.9 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
19 Magnetic
19.1 Magnetic Characteristics
19.1.1 Specific Gravity
20.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
20.1.3 Permeability
20.2.4 Susceptibility
20.5 Electrical Properties
20.5.1 Electrical Property
20.5.2 Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m152.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
20.5.6 Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω0.07 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
21.3.1 Electron Affinity
22 Thermal
22.1 Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)0.26 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
22.3 Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K24.60 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
22.4 Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K53.70 W/m·K
6.3
429
22.6 Critical Temperature
22.7 Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)7.30 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
22.8 Enthalpy
22.8.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol696.60 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
22.8.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol27.20 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
22.8.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol745.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
22.9 Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K36.40 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1