1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.7 Period Number
5.2 Block
5.3 Element Family
Lanthanide
Alkaline Earth
5.4 CAS Number
74406447440144
7429905
54386242
6.4 Space Group Name
6.6 Space Group Number
7 Facts
7.1 Interesting Facts
- Ytterbium metal oxidizes rapidly if exposed to air.
- Ytterbium metal can dissolve quickly in Mineral acid.
- Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
- Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
7.3 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals
7.4 History
7.4.1 Who Discovered
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Not Available
7.5.2 Discovery
7.6 Abundance
7.6.1 Abundance In Universe
8.1.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
8.2.2 Abundance In Meteorites
8.6.3 Abundance In Earth's Crust
8.8.2 Abundance In Oceans
8.9.2 Abundance In Humans
9 Uses
9.1 Uses & Benefits
- Ytterbium metal is used in memory devices and tuneable laser.
-
It is also used as industrial catalyst as the other catalysts are too toxic and polluting.
- It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
-
It is used in luminous paints.
9.1.1 Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry
NA
9.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
9.1.3 Other Uses
9.2 Biological Properties
9.2.1 Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Highly Toxic
9.2.2 Present in Human Body
9.2.3 In Blood
10.2.2 In Bone
11 Physical
11.1 Melting Point
824.00 °C700.00 °C
27
3410
12.4 Boiling Point
1,196.00 °C1,737.00 °C
147
5660
12.8 Appearance
12.8.1 Physical State
12.8.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
12.8.3 Luster
12.9 Hardness
12.9.1 Mohs Hardness
12.10.3 Brinell Hardness
2.2.1 Vickers Hardness
2.4 Speed of Sound
2.13 Optical Properties
2.13.1 Refractive Index
2.14.3 Reflectivity
3.5 Allotropes
3.5.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
3.5.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
3.5.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4 Chemical
4.1 Chemical Formula
4.2 Isotopes
4.2.1 Known Isotopes
4.5 Electronegativity
4.5.1 Pauling Electronegativity
4.5.8 Sanderson Electronegativity
4.6.5 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
4.6.11 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
4.6.18 Allen Electronegativity
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol509.30 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
7.1.3 2nd Energy Level
1,174.80 kJ/mol979.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
7.1.8 3rd Energy Level
2,417.00 kJ/molNA
1600
34230
7.3.3 4th Energy Level
4,203.00 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
7.5.5 5th Energy Level
7.6.3 6th Energy Level
7.7.2 7th Energy level
8.2.1 8th Energy Level
9.2.3 9th Energy Level
9.7.2 10th Energy Level
9.8.3 11th Energy Level
10.2.4 12th Energy Level
10.4.2 13th Energy Level
10.6.1 14th Energy Level
10.7.2 15th Energy Level
10.7.7 16th Energy Level
10.8.1 17th Energy Level
10.9.3 18th Energy Level
10.12.1 19th Energy Level
10.16.1 20th Energy Level
10.18.1 21st Energy Level
11.1.1 22nd Energy Level
2.3.1 23rd Energy Level
3.4.2 24th Energy Level
3.8.3 25th Energy Level
3.8.6 26th Energy Level
3.11.2 27th Energy Level
3.14.1 28th Energy Level
3.16.2 29th Energy Level
4.5.2 30th Energy Level
4.7 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.15 g/amp-hr4.22 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
4.9 Electron Work Function
4.12 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
5 Atomic
5.1 Atomic Number
5.4 Electron Configuration
5.5 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
5.5.1 Crystal Lattice
5.6 Atom
5.6.1 Number of Protons
6.2.4 Number of Neutrons
6.7.1 Number of Electrons
10.2 Radius of an Atom
10.2.1 Atomic Radius
10.3.2 Covalent Radius
187.00 pm221.00 pm
96
260
10.4.3 Van der Waals Radius
242.00 pm283.00 pm
139
348
10.9 Atomic Weight
173.05 amu226.00 amu
6.94
294
10.13 Atomic Volume
24.79 cm3/mol45.20 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
10.15 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
10.15.1 Previous Element
10.15.2 Next Element
10.16 Valence Electron Potential
50.30 (-eV)20.10 (-eV)
8
392.42
11.4 Lattice Constant
548.47 pm514.80 pm
228.58
891.25
11.8 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
11.9 Lattice C/A Ratio
12 Mechanical
12.1 Density
12.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.90 g/cm35.50 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
13.4.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.3 Tensile Strength
15.8 Viscosity
16.2 Vapor Pressure
16.2.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
16.3.7 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
16.4 Elasticity properties
16.4.1 Shear Modulus
16.6.1 Bulk Modulus
17.1.1 Young's Modulus
17.3 Poisson Ratio
18.3 Other Mechanical Properties
19 Magnetic
19.1 Magnetic Characteristics
19.1.1 Specific Gravity
19.3.1 Magnetic Ordering
19.3.2 Permeability
19.6.1 Susceptibility
20.5 Electrical Properties
20.5.1 Electrical Property
20.5.3 Resistivity
0.25 nΩ·m100.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
20.7.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
20.7.5 Electron Affinity
21 Thermal
21.1 Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
21.3 Molar Heat Capacity
26.74 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
22.2 Thermal Conductivity
38.50 W/m·K18.60 W/m·K
6.3
429
22.3 Critical Temperature
22.4 Thermal Expansion
22.7 Enthalpy
22.7.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.90 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
22.9.1 Enthalpy of Fusion
1.2.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
180.00 kJ/mol163.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
3.4 Standard Molar Entropy
59.90 J/mol.K71.00 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1