1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
1.6 CAS Number
74399767440235
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
- A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
- Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
- At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
- The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
2.2 Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals
By Electrolysis Process, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians
Humphry Davy
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.004 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.7 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.9 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.10 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
- It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
- In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
- Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry
Pharmaceutical Industry
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-31,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.4 In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.10,000.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
4.2 Boiling Point
356.58 °C883.00 °C
147
5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
4.3.2 Color
4.3.3 Luster
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
4.4.3 Brinell Hardness
4.4.5 Vickers Hardness
4.5 Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s3,200.00 m/s
818
16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
4.6.2 Reflectivity
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
5.4.1 Sanderson Electronegativity
5.5.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
5.5.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
6.1.1 Allen Electronegativity
6.5 Electropositivity
6.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity
6.6 Ionization Energies
6.6.1 1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol495.80 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
6.6.2 2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol4,562.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
6.6.4 3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol6,910.30 kJ/mol
1600
34230
6.7.2 4th Energy Level
NA9,543.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
6.7.4 5th Energy Level
NA13,354.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
6.7.6 6th Energy Level
NA16,613.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
6.7.7 7th Energy level
NA20,117.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
6.8.1 8th Energy Level
NA25,496.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
6.8.2 9th Energy Level
NA28,932.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
6.9.1 10th Energy Level
NA141,362.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
6.11.1 11th Energy Level
NA159,076.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
6.12.1 12th Energy Level
6.12.2 13th Energy Level
6.14.1 14th Energy Level
7.1.2 15th Energy Level
7.1.4 16th Energy Level
7.2.1 17th Energy Level
7.3.1 18th Energy Level
7.4.2 19th Energy Level
7.4.3 20th Energy Level
7.4.5 21st Energy Level
7.5.2 22nd Energy Level
7.5.3 23rd Energy Level
7.5.4 24th Energy Level
7.5.6 25th Energy Level
7.5.7 26th Energy Level
7.5.9 27th Energy Level
7.5.10 28th Energy Level
7.5.11 29th Energy Level
7.6.1 30th Energy Level
7.7 Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr0.86 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
8.2 Electron Work Function
8.3 Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
9 Atomic
9.1 Atomic Number
9.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
[Ne] 3s1
9.3 Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
9.3.1 Crystal Lattice
9.4 Atom
9.4.1 Number of Protons
9.5.3 Number of Neutrons
9.5.5 Number of Electrons
9.6 Radius of an Atom
9.6.1 Atomic Radius
151.00 pm186.00 pm
112
265
10.1.1 Covalent Radius
132.00 pm166.00 pm
96
260
10.2.1 Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm227.00 pm
139
348
10.3 Atomic Weight
200.59 amu22.99 amu
6.94
294
10.5 Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol23.70 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
10.7 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
10.7.1 Previous Element
10.7.2 Next Element
10.8 Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)14.10 (-eV)
8
392.42
10.10 Lattice Constant
300.50 pm429.06 pm
228.58
891.25
10.12 Lattice Angles
10.13 Lattice C/A Ratio
11 Mechanical
11.1 Density
11.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm30.97 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
11.1.3 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
11.3 Tensile Strength
11.4 Viscosity
0.00NA
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0.001526
0.001526
11.5 Vapor Pressure
11.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
11.5.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
11.6 Elasticity properties
11.6.1 Shear Modulus
11.6.2 Bulk Modulus
11.6.3 Young's Modulus
11.7 Poisson Ratio
11.8 Other Mechanical Properties
12 Magnetic
12.1 Magnetic Characteristics
12.1.1 Specific Gravity
12.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
12.1.3 Permeability
12.1.4 Susceptibility
12.2 Electrical Properties
12.2.1 Electrical Property
12.2.2 Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m47.70 nΩ·m
0.18
961
12.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.21 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
12.2.4 Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol52.80 kJ/mol
0
222.8
13 Thermal
13.1 Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)1.23 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
13.2 Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K28.23 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
13.3 Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K142.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
13.4 Critical Temperature
1,750.00 K2,573.00 K
26.3
3223
13.5 Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)71.00 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
13.6 Enthalpy
13.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol89.04 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
13.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol2.59 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
13.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol108.40 kJ/mol
61.5
837
13.7 Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K51.30 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1