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Neodymium
Neodymium

Ruthenium
Ruthenium



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Neodymium
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Ruthenium

Neodymium Ruthenium Comparison

1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Nd
Ru
1.2 Group Number
18
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.5 Period Number
65
Lithium Metal
2 7
1.9 Block
f block
d block
1.10 Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
1.11 CAS Number
74400087440188
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
2.2 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
2.3 Space Group Number
194.00194.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
4 Facts
4.1 Interesting Facts
  • Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
  • Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
  • Ruthenium element has been extracted from used nuclear fuel.
  • Ruthenium metal also produces as a by-product of the Nickel mining.
4.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
By-product of Nickel Refining, Found in Minerals, Mining
4.3 History
4.3.1 Who Discovered
Carl Auer von Welsbach
Karl Ernst Claus
4.3.2 Discovery
In 1885
In 1844
4.4 Abundance
4.4.1 Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %4 * 10-7 %
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
4.7.1 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000003 %~0.0000005 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
4.12.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %0.00 %
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
5.5.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %0.00 %
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
6.1.3 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %0.00 %
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
6.1.7 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
7 Uses
7.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
  • It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
  • It is used for producing chip resistors and contact.
  • Ruthenium oxide is used to coat the anodes cells for chlorine production in chemical industry. It also works as catalysts for ammonia and acetic acid reaction.
7.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
7.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Medical Research
7.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
7.2 Biological Properties
7.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
Low Toxic
7.2.2 Present in Human Body
7.2.3 In Blood
NANA
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
7.4.3 In Bone
NANA
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
9 Physical
9.1 Melting Point
1,010.00 °C2,250.00 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
9.4 Boiling Point
3,127.00 °C3,900.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
9.6 Appearance
9.6.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
9.6.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
9.6.3 Luster
Metallic
Metallic
9.7 Hardness
9.7.1 Mohs Hardness
NA6.50
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
10.3.5 Brinell Hardness
265.00 MPa2,160.00 MPa
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
10.4.7 Vickers Hardness
345.00 MPaNA
Palladium Metal
121 3430
11.2 Speed of Sound
2,330.00 m/s5,970.00 m/s
Thallium Metal
818 16200
11.4 Optical Properties
11.4.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
12.1.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
12.4 Allotropes
12.4.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
12.4.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
12.4.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
13 Chemical
13.1 Chemical Formula
Nd
Ru
13.3 Isotopes
13.3.1 Known Isotopes
3026
Tennessine Metal
0 38
13.5 Electronegativity
13.5.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.142.20
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
14.1.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
14.2.4 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.071.42
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
14.5.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
14.8.2 Allen Electronegativity
NA1.54
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
15.2 Electropositivity
15.2.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.861.80
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
16.6 Ionization Energies
16.6.1 1st Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol710.20 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
16.6.3 2nd Energy Level
1,040.00 kJ/mol710.22 kJ/mol
Palladium
710.2162 28750
17.3.2 3rd Energy Level
2,130.00 kJ/mol2,747.00 kJ/mol
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
17.4.3 4th Energy Level
3,900.00 kJ/molNA
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
17.5.1 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
17.6.3 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
17.7.4 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
17.8.4 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
17.8.7 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
17.11.2 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
17.13.3 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
17.13.8 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
17.15.6 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
17.17.3 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
17.19.4 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
18.1.5 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
18.1.10 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
18.1.14 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
18.3.2 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
18.5.1 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
18.6.2 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
18.8.3 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
18.9.1 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
19.3.1 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
19.3.2 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
19.6.4 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
19.6.5 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
19.6.9 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
19.6.11 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
19.7.2 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
19.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.79 g/amp-hr1.26 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
20.3 Electron Work Function
3.20 eV4.71 eV
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
20.4 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
21 Atomic
21.1 Atomic Number
6044
Lithium Metal
3 117
21.4 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f4 6s2
[Kr] 4d7 5s1
21.5 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
21.5.1 Crystal Lattice
21.6 Atom
21.6.1 Number of Protons
6044
Lithium Metal
3 117
21.6.5 Number of Neutrons
8457
Lithium Metal
4 184
21.7.3 Number of Electrons
6044
Lithium Metal
3 117
22.2 Radius of an Atom
22.2.1 Atomic Radius
181.00 pm134.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
22.4.1 Covalent Radius
201.00 pm146.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
22.4.3 Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm200.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
22.8 Atomic Weight
144.24 amu101.07 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
23.3 Atomic Volume
20.60 cm3/mol8.30 cm3/mol
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
23.6 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
23.6.1 Previous Element
23.6.2 Next Element
23.7 Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)64.00 (-eV)
Francium Metal
8 392.42
23.11 Lattice Constant
365.80 pm270.59 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
23.13 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
23.14 Lattice C/A Ratio
1.611.58
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
25 Mechanical
25.1 Density
25.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
7.01 g/cm312.45 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
1.4.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.89 g/cm310.65 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
1.7 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
1.8 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
1.9 Vapor Pressure
1.9.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)NA
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
1.9.4 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
101.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
1.12 Elasticity properties
1.12.1 Shear Modulus
16.30 GPa173.00 GPa
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
1.14.2 Bulk Modulus
31.80 GPa220.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
1.15.3 Young's Modulus
41.40 GPa447.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
2.3 Poisson Ratio
0.280.30
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
2.5 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
3 Magnetic
3.1 Magnetic Characteristics
3.1.1 Specific Gravity
7.0012.45
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
3.1.4 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
3.1.5 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
3.4.3 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
3.6 Electrical Properties
3.6.1 Electrical Property
NA
Conductor
3.6.2 Resistivity
643.00 nΩ·m71.00 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
1.4.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω0.14 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
2.2.1 Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol101.30 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
4 Thermal
4.1 Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)0.24 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
4.3 Molar Heat Capacity
27.45 J/mol·K24.06 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
4.7 Thermal Conductivity
16.50 W/m·K117.00 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
2.5 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
2.8 Thermal Expansion
9.60 µm/(m·K)6.40 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
2.10 Enthalpy
2.10.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
273.00 kJ/mol567.80 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
2.10.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
7.14 kJ/mol25.50 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
2.11.2 Enthalpy of Atomization
322.00 kJ/mol603.00 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
2.12 Standard Molar Entropy
71.50 J/mol.K28.50 J/mol.K
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1