Properties of Palladium and Niobium
Melting Point
1,554.90 °C
  
22
Boiling Point
2,963.00 °C
  
33
2,468.00 °C
  
99+
Hardness
  
  
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available
  
Reflectivity
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
3,070.00 m/s
  
26
3,480.00 m/s
  
21
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Pd
  
Nb
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
520.23 kJ/mol
  
99+
652.10 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
7,298.22 kJ/mol
  
2
1,380.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
3rd Energy Level
11,815.13 kJ/mol
  
3
2,416.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.99 g/amp-hr
  
30
0.69 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
12.02 g/cm3
  
29
8.57 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.38 g/cm3
  
17
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Symbol
Pd
  
Nb
  
Period Number
5
  
5
  
Atomic Weight
106.42 amu
  
99+
Atomic Volume
8.90 cm3/mol
  
99+
10.87 cm3/mol
  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10
  
[Kr] 4d4 5s1
  
Valence Electron Potential
33.00 (-eV)
  
99+
104.00 (-eV)
  
8
Atom
  
  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Palladium.jpg#100
  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
105.40 nΩ·m
  
29
152.00 nΩ·m
  
23
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω
  
22
0.07 106/cm Ω
  
28
Electron Affinity
54.23 kJ/mol
  
17
86.10 kJ/mol
  
12
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Permeability
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Susceptibility
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)
  
23
0.26 J/(kg K)
  
20
Thermal Conductivity
71.80 W/m·K
  
23
53.70 W/m·K
  
29
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
25.98 J/mol·K
  
33
24.60 J/mol·K
  
99+
Thermal Expansion
11.80 µm/(m·K)
  
33
7.30 µm/(m·K)
  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
37.60 J/mol.K
  
40
36.40 J/mol.K
  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
376.60 kJ/mol
  
19
696.60 kJ/mol
  
4
Enthalpy of Fusion
16.74 kJ/mol
  
18
27.20 kJ/mol
  
6
Enthalpy of Atomization
393.30 kJ/mol
  
22
745.00 kJ/mol
  
4