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Properties of Platinum and Palladium


Properties of Palladium & Platinum


Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,772.00 °C   
16
1,554.90 °C   
22

Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C   
15
2,963.00 °C   
33

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
3.50   
11
4.75   
9

Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa   
34
320.00 MPa   
33

Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa   
25
121.00 MPa   
36

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.72   
1

Reflectivity
73.00 %   
8
84.00 %   
4

Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s   
29
3,070.00 m/s   
26

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Pt   
Pd   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
35   
4
38   
1

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
2.28   
3
2.20   
4

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44   
17
1.35   
21

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
1.72   
16
1.59   
22

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
1.72   
99+
1.80   
99+

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol   
10
520.23 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol   
21
7,298.22 kJ/mol   
2

3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
11,815.13 kJ/mol   
3

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr   
35
1.99 g/amp-hr   
30

Electron Work Function
5.65 eV   
1
5.12 eV   
3

Other Chemical Properties
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Anti-corrosion metals have the protection on their surfaces which protect them from corroding in corrosive environments.Anti Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization
  
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3   
11
12.02 g/cm3   
29

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3   
2
10.38 g/cm3   
17

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
27

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)   
18
0.00 (Pa)   
30

Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa   
14
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa   
14
44.00 GPa   
17

Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa   
6
180.00 GPa   
9

Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa   
14
121.00 GPa   
16

Poisson Ratio
0.38   
6
0.39   
5

Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable
  
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable, 
?
Weldability of metals defines their ability to be welded.This property of metals also known as joinability.Weldable
  

Periodic Table

Symbol
Pt   
Pd   

Group Number
10   
8
10   
8

Period Number
6   
5   

Block
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block
  
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block
  

Element Family
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal
  
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal
  

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
78   
38
46   
99+

Atomic Weight
47.87 amu   
99+
106.42 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol   
99+
8.90 cm3/mol   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1   
[Kr] 4d10   

Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)   
1
33.00 (-eV)   
99+

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
78   
38
46   
99+

Number of Neutrons
117   
24
60   
99+

Number of Electrons
78   
38
46   
99+

Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
  
?
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
  

Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Palladium.jpg#100   

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
139.00 pm   
39
137.00 pm   
40

Covalent Radius
136.00 pm   
99+
139.00 pm   
99+

Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm   
36
163.00 pm   
40

Lattice Constant
392.42 pm   
24
389.07 pm   
25

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Next Element
Gold
  
Silver
  

Previous Element
Iridium
  
Rhodium
  

Magnetic Properties

Electrical Properties
  
  

Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m   
30
105.40 nΩ·m   
29

Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω   
21
0.10 106/cm Ω   
22

Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol   
2
54.23 kJ/mol   
17

Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
21.45   
4
12.02   
21

Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic
  

Permeability
0.00 H/m   
3
Not Available   

Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.24 J/(kg K)   
23

Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K   
24
71.80 W/m·K   
23

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K   
35
25.98 J/mol·K   
33

Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)   
99+
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33

Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
37.60 J/mol.K   
40

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol   
11
376.60 kJ/mol   
19

Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol   
12
16.74 kJ/mol   
18

Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol   
11
393.30 kJ/mol   
22

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