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Bismuth
Bismuth

Thulium
Thulium



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Bismuth Thulium Comparison

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Bi
Tm
1.2 Group Number
15NA
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.3 Period Number
66
Lithium Metal
2 7
1.5 Block
p block
f block
1.6 Element Family
Post-​Transition
Lanthanide
1.7 CAS Number
74406997440304
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
1.8 Space Group Name
C12/m1
P63/mmc
1.9 Space Group Number
12.00194.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  • Thulium metal can resist corrosion due to dry air .
  • Only Tm-169 isotope of Thulium metal occur naturally.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Claude François Geoffroy
Per Teodor Cleve
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1753
In 1879
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-8 %1 * 10-8 %
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
2.5.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.000006 %~0.00000002 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
2.6.2 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %0.00 %
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
2.8.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %0.00 %
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
2.9.1 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %0.00 %
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
2.11.1 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  • Thulium metal produces isotopes that emits X-rays. This isotope is used in X-ray machine.
  • Thulium element is also used in Surgical equipment like laser.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
4.1.2 Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
4.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
Low Toxic
Unknown
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3NA
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
4.2.7 In Bone
0.20 p.p.m.NA
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
271.30 °C1,545.00 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
5.4 Boiling Point
1,560.00 °C1,730.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
5.8 Appearance
5.8.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
5.8.2 Color
Silver
Silvery Gray
5.8.3 Luster
Metallic
Metallic
5.9 Hardness
5.9.1 Mohs Hardness
2.25NA
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
6.1.2 Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa471.00 MPa
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
6.5.2 Vickers Hardness
NA520.00 MPa
Palladium Metal
121 3430
6.6 Speed of Sound
1,790.00 m/sNA
Thallium Metal
818 16200
6.7 Optical Properties
6.7.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
6.7.3 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
6.9 Allotropes
6.9.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.9.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.9.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7 Chemical
7.1 Chemical Formula
Bi
Tm
7.2 Isotopes
7.2.1 Known Isotopes
3332
Tennessine Metal
0 38
8.2 Electronegativity
8.2.1 Pauling Electronegativity
2.021.25
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
8.2.5 Sanderson Electronegativity
2.34NA
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
8.4.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.671.11
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
8.4.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.15NA
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
8.5.1 Allen Electronegativity
2.01NA
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
8.8 Electropositivity
8.8.1 Pauling Electropositivity
1.982.75
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
8.9 Ionization Energies
8.10.1 1st Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol596.70 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
9.1.1 2nd Energy Level
1,610.00 kJ/mol1,160.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
9.4.1 3rd Energy Level
2,466.00 kJ/mol2,285.00 kJ/mol
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
10.2.1 4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol4,120.00 kJ/mol
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
10.3.1 5th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/molNA
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
10.3.3 6th Energy Level
8,520.00 kJ/molNA
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
10.5.1 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
10.7.1 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
10.8.2 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
10.8.4 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
10.8.7 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
10.9.2 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
10.10.2 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
10.10.4 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
10.10.5 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
10.11.1 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
11.1.2 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
11.1.3 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
11.1.6 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
11.1.8 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
11.2.3 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
11.2.4 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
11.2.5 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
11.2.7 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
11.2.8 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
11.2.9 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
11.2.11 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
11.2.12 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
11.2.13 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
11.2.14 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
12.2 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.60 g/amp-hr2.10 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
12.3 Electron Work Function
4.22 eVNA
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
12.5 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
13 Atomic
13.1 Atomic Number
8369
Lithium Metal
3 117
13.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
[Xe] 4f13 6s2
13.3 Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
13.4.1 Crystal Lattice
13.5 Atom
13.5.1 Number of Protons
8369
Lithium Metal
3 117
13.5.2 Number of Neutrons
126100
Lithium Metal
4 184
13.7.1 Number of Electrons
8369
Lithium Metal
3 117
13.9 Radius of an Atom
13.9.1 Atomic Radius
156.00 pm176.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
13.9.3 Covalent Radius
148.00 pm160.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
13.9.5 Van der Waals Radius
207.00 pmNA
Zinc Metal
139 348
13.10 Atomic Weight
208.98 amu168.93 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
13.11 Atomic Volume
21.30 cm3/mol18.10 cm3/mol
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
13.13 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
13.13.1 Previous Element
13.13.2 Next Element
13.14 Valence Electron Potential
41.90 (-eV)49.70 (-eV)
Francium Metal
8 392.42
13.15 Lattice Constant
667.40 pm353.75 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
13.16 Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
13.17 Lattice C/A Ratio
NA1.57
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
14 Mechanical
14.1 Density
14.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
9.78 g/cm39.32 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
14.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.05 g/cm38.56 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
14.2 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
14.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
14.4 Vapor Pressure
14.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NA0.06 (Pa)
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
14.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
14.5 Elasticity properties
14.5.1 Shear Modulus
12.00 GPa30.50 GPa
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
14.5.2 Bulk Modulus
31.00 GPa44.50 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
14.5.3 Young's Modulus
32.00 GPa74.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
14.6 Poisson Ratio
0.330.21
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
14.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
15 Magnetic
15.1 Magnetic Characteristics
15.1.1 Specific Gravity
9.799.32
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
15.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
15.1.3 Permeability
0.00 H/mNA
Copper
1.25643E-06 0.0063
15.1.4 Susceptibility
0.00NA
Aluminium
-0.000166 200000
15.2 Electrical Properties
15.2.1 Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Conductor
15.2.2 Resistivity
1.29 nΩ·m676.00 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
15.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.02 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
15.2.4 Electron Affinity
91.20 kJ/mol50.00 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
16 Thermal
16.1 Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)0.16 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
16.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·K27.03 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
16.3 Thermal Conductivity
7.97 W/m·K16.90 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
16.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
16.5 Thermal Expansion
13.40 µm/(m·K)13.30 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
16.6 Enthalpy
16.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
151.00 kJ/mol191.00 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
16.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
10.90 kJ/mol16.80 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
16.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
207.10 kJ/mol247.00 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
16.7 Standard Molar Entropy
56.70 J/mol.K74.00 J/mol.K
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1