Einsteinium

Lithium

Einsteinium vs Lithium

Einsteinium

Lithium

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Group Number

NA1

0 17

1.3 Period Number

2 7

1.4 Block

f block

s block

1.5 Element Family

Actinide

Alkali

1.6 CAS Number

74299277439932

7429905 54386242

1.7 Space Group Name

Not Available

Im_ 3m

1.8 Space Group Number

NA229.00

11 229

2 Facts

2.1 Interesting Facts

Einsteinium is the transuranic element found in US.

Only 0.01 mg of Einsteinium was synthesized in 1961.

Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.

2.2 Sources

Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons

Found in Minerals, Mining

2.3 History

2.3.1 Who Discovered

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Johan August Arfwedson

2.3.2 Discovery

In 1952

In 1817

2.4 Abundance

2.4.1 Abundance In Universe

NA6 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~-9999 %~0.00017 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites

NA0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust

NA0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans

NA0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Abundance In Humans

NA0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

3 Uses

3.1 Uses & Benefits

Currently known uses of Einsteinium metal are limited to research purpose only.

The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.

3.1.1 Industrial Uses

Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry

3.1.2 Medical Uses

3.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes

Alloys

3.2 Biological Properties

3.2.1 Toxicity

Toxic

3.2.2 Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

3.2.3 In Blood

0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3

0 1970

3.2.4 In Bone

0.00 p.p.m.1.30 p.p.m.

0 170000

4 Physical

4.1 Melting Point

860.00 °C180.54 °C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

996.00 °C1,347.00 °C

147 5660

4.3 Appearance

4.3.1 Physical State

Solid

4.3.2 Color

Silver

Silvery White

4.3.3 Luster

4.4 Hardness

4.4.1 Mohs Hardness

NA0.60

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell Hardness

NA5.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers Hardness

NANA

121 3430

4.5 Speed of Sound

NA6,000.00 m/s

818 16200

4.6 Optical Properties

4.6.1 Refractive Index

NANA

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 Reflectivity

NANA

58 97

4.7 Allotropes

✔ ✘

4.7.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

5 Chemical

5.1 Chemical Formula

5.2 Isotopes

5.2.1 Known Isotopes

168

0 38

5.3 Electronegativity

5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

1.540.98

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

NA0.89

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.200.97

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

NA0.97

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity

NA0.91

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.703.02

1.46 3.3

5.5 Ionization Energies

5.5.1 1st Energy Level

619.00 kJ/mol520.20 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 2nd Energy Level

1,216.00 kJ/mol7,298.10 kJ/mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 3rd Energy Level

2,334.00 kJ/mol11,815.00 kJ/mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 4th Energy Level

3,734.00 kJ/molNA

2780 37066

5.5.5 5th Energy Level

NANA

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 6th Energy Level

NANA

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 7th Energy level

NANA

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 8th Energy Level

NANA

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 9th Energy Level

NANA

14110 134700

5.5.10 10th Energy Level

NANA

17100 144300

5.5.11 11th Energy Level

NANA

19900 169988

5.5.12 12th Energy Level

NANA

22219 189368

5.5.13 13th Energy Level

NANA

26930 76015

5.5.14 14th Energy Level

NANA

29196 86450

5.5.15 15th Energy Level

NANA

41987 97510

5.5.16 16th Energy Level

NANA

47206 109480

5.5.17 17th Energy Level

NANA

52737 122200

5.5.18 18th Energy Level

NANA

58570 134810

5.5.19 19th Energy Level

NANA

64702 148700

5.5.20 20th Energy Level

NANA

80400 171200

5.5.21 21st Energy Level

NANA

87000 179100

5.5.22 22nd Energy Level

NANA

93400 184900

5.5.23 23rd Energy Level

NANA

98420 198800

5.5.24 24th Energy Level

NANA

104400 195200

5.5.25 25th Energy Level

NANA

121900 121900

5.5.26 26th Energy Level

NANA

127700 127700

5.5.27 27th Energy Level

NANA

133800 133800

5.5.28 28th Energy Level

NANA

139800 139800

5.5.29 29th Energy Level

NANA

148100 148100

5.5.30 30th Energy Level

NANA

154500 154500

5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent

4.74 g/amp-hr0.26 g/amp-hr

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Electron Work Function

NA2.90 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Other Chemical Properties

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity

Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes

6 Atomic

6.1 Atomic Number

993

3 117

6.2 Electron Configuration

[Rn] 5f¹¹ 7s²

[He] 2s¹

6.3 Crystal Structure

Face Centered Cubic (FCC)

Body Centered Cubic (BCC)

6.3.1 Crystal Lattice

6.4 Atom

6.4.1 Number of Protons

993

3 117

6.4.2 Number of Neutrons

1534

4 184

6.4.3 Number of Electrons

993

3 117

6.5 Radius of an Atom

6.5.1 Atomic Radius

186.00 pm152.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 Covalent Radius

NA128.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

NA182.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Atomic Weight

252.00 amu6.94 amu

6.94 294

6.7 Atomic Volume

NA13.10 cm3/mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

6.8.1 Previous Element

6.8.2 Next Element

6.9 Valence Electron Potential

NA19.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Lattice Constant

NA351.00 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio

NANA

1.567 1.886

7 Mechanical

7.1 Density

7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

8.84 g/cm³0.53 g/cm³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

NA0.51 g/cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Tensile Strength

NANA

2.5 11000

7.3 Viscosity

NANA

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 Vapor Pressure

7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

NA109.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

NANA

2.62E-10 774

7.5 Elasticity properties

7.5.1 Shear Modulus

NA4.20 GPa

1.3 222

7.5.2 Bulk Modulus

NA11.00 GPa

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young's Modulus

NA4.90 GPa

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson Ratio

NANA

0.032 0.47

7.7 Other Mechanical Properties

8 Magnetic

8.1 Magnetic Characteristics

8.1.1 Specific Gravity

NA0.53

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering

Paramagnetic

8.1.3 Permeability

NANA

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 Susceptibility

NANA

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Electrical Properties

8.2.1 Electrical Property

Unknown

Conductor

8.2.2 Resistivity

NA92.80 nΩ·m

0.18 961

8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity

NA0.11 10⁶/cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 Electron Affinity

NA59.60 kJ/mol

0 222.8

9 Thermal

9.1 Specific Heat

NA3.60 J/(kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Molar Heat Capacity

NA24.86 J/mol·K

16.443 62.7

9.3 Thermal Conductivity

NA84.80 W/m·K

6.3 429

9.4 Critical Temperature

NA3,223.00 K

26.3 3223

9.5 Thermal Expansion

NA46.00 µm/(m·K)

4.5 97

9.6 Enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

NA134.70 kJ/mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion

NA3.00 kJ/mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization

NA160.70 kJ/mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard Molar Entropy

NA29.10 J/mol.K

9.5 198.1

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