1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.2 Period Number
1.3 Block
1.4 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
1.5 CAS Number
74399767440020
7429905
54386242
1.6 Space Group Name
1.7 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
- A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
- Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
- Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
- After iron, Zinc metal the second most abundant element in the earth crust.
2.2 Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians
Axel Fredrik Cronstedt
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.7.1 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.008 %
1E-08
0.1
2.9.2 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.3 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.5.2 Abundance In Oceans
2.5.3 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
- It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
- It has corrosion resistance and hence it is used to plate other metals.
- Its alloys are very useful; Nichrome alloy is used in the hot coil of toasters and electric oven.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-30.05 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
3.4.2 In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.0.70 p.p.m.
0
170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
5.5 Boiling Point
356.58 °C2,732.00 °C
147
5660
6.3 Appearance
6.3.1 Physical State
6.3.2 Color
6.3.3 Luster
6.4 Hardness
6.4.1 Mohs Hardness
6.4.4 Brinell Hardness
7.1.1 Vickers Hardness
7.2 Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s4,900.00 m/s
818
16200
8.2 Optical Properties
8.2.1 Refractive Index
8.3.4 Reflectivity
8.6 Allotropes
8.6.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.6.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.6.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9 Chemical
9.1 Chemical Formula
9.2 Isotopes
9.2.1 Known Isotopes
10.2 Electronegativity
10.2.1 Pauling Electronegativity
10.2.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
10.3.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
10.5.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
10.7.2 Allen Electronegativity
10.8 Electropositivity
10.8.1 Pauling Electropositivity
11.3 Ionization Energies
11.3.1 1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol737.10 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
11.4.2 2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol1,753.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
11.5.1 3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol3,395.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
11.5.3 4th Energy Level
NA5,300.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
11.6.4 5th Energy Level
NA7,339.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
12.2.2 6th Energy Level
NA10,400.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
12.2.4 7th Energy level
NA12,800.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
12.3.2 8th Energy Level
NA15,600.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
12.3.4 9th Energy Level
NA18,600.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
12.4.2 10th Energy Level
NA21,670.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
12.5.3 11th Energy Level
NA30,970.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
12.5.6 12th Energy Level
NA34,000.00 kJ/mol
22219
189368
12.5.9 13th Energy Level
NA37,100.00 kJ/mol
26930
76015
12.5.11 14th Energy Level
NA41,500.00 kJ/mol
29196
86450
12.6.3 15th Energy Level
NA44,800.00 kJ/mol
41987
97510
12.7.3 16th Energy Level
NA48,100.00 kJ/mol
47206
109480
12.7.6 17th Energy Level
NA55,101.00 kJ/mol
52737
122200
12.7.8 18th Energy Level
NA58,570.00 kJ/mol
58570
134810
12.7.10 19th Energy Level
NA148,700.00 kJ/mol
64702
148700
12.7.13 20th Energy Level
NA159,000.00 kJ/mol
80400
171200
12.7.14 21st Energy Level
NA169,400.00 kJ/mol
87000
179100
12.7.17 22nd Energy Level
NA182,700.00 kJ/mol
93400
184900
12.7.18 23rd Energy Level
NA194,000.00 kJ/mol
98420
198800
12.7.21 24th Energy Level
12.7.23 25th Energy Level
12.7.25 26th Energy Level
12.7.27 27th Energy Level
12.7.30 28th Energy Level
12.7.31 29th Energy Level
12.7.34 30th Energy Level
12.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr1.10 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
12.9 Electron Work Function
12.10 Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
13 Atomic
13.1 Atomic Number
13.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
[Ar] 3d8 4s2 Or [Ar] 3d9 4s1
13.3 Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
13.3.1 Crystal Lattice
13.4 Atom
13.4.1 Number of Protons
13.4.4 Number of Neutrons
13.4.8 Number of Electrons
13.5 Radius of an Atom
13.5.1 Atomic Radius
151.00 pm124.00 pm
112
265
13.5.4 Covalent Radius
132.00 pm124.00 pm
96
260
13.5.7 Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm163.00 pm
139
348
13.6 Atomic Weight
200.59 amu58.69 amu
6.94
294
13.7 Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol6.59 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
13.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
13.8.1 Previous Element
13.8.2 Next Element
13.9 Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)42.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
13.10 Lattice Constant
300.50 pm352.40 pm
228.58
891.25
13.12 Lattice Angles
13.13 Lattice C/A Ratio
14 Mechanical
14.1 Density
14.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm38.91 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
14.2.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.2 Tensile Strength
15.3 Viscosity
0.00NA
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0.001526
0.001526
15.5 Vapor Pressure
15.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
15.7.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NA19.50 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
15.9 Elasticity properties
15.9.1 Shear Modulus
15.10.2 Bulk Modulus
16.1.1 Young's Modulus
16.5 Poisson Ratio
16.7 Other Mechanical Properties
17 Magnetic
17.1 Magnetic Characteristics
17.1.1 Specific Gravity
17.1.4 Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Ferromagnetic
17.1.5 Permeability
NA0.00 H/m
1.25643E-06
0.0063
17.2.1 Susceptibility
NA600.00
-0.000166
200000
17.4 Electrical Properties
17.4.1 Electrical Property
17.4.2 Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m69.30 nΩ·m
0.18
961
17.4.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.14 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
17.7.2 Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol112.00 kJ/mol
0
222.8
18 Thermal
18.1 Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)0.44 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
18.5 Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K26.07 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
19.2 Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K90.90 W/m·K
6.3
429
19.4 Critical Temperature
19.6 Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)13.40 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
19.10 Enthalpy
19.10.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol371.80 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
19.12.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol17.57 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
20.1.2 Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol422.60 kJ/mol
61.5
837
20.3 Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K29.90 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1