1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.5 Block
1.6 Element Family
Transition Metal
Lanthanide
1.7 CAS Number
74400647440600
7429905
54386242
1.11 Space Group Name
1.12 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
- Holmium metal is very soft and malleable.
- Holmium metal is well known for its corrosion resistivity.
2.2 Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa
Marc Delafontaine
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %5 * 10-8 %
5E-09
0.11
3.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
3.4.4 Abundance In Meteorites
3.4.7 Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.2.2 Abundance In Oceans
2.2.4 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
-
Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
- Holmium metal has an ability to absorb neutrons, so this metal is used in nuclear reactors to keep the chain reactions of elements under control.
-
Alloys of Holmium are used to produce Magnet.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
NA
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys, Nuclear Research
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.1.1 In Blood
4.5.1 In Bone
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
1,772.00 °C1,461.00 °C
27
3410
5.4 Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C2,600.00 °C
147
5660
6.6 Appearance
6.6.1 Physical State
6.6.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
6.6.3 Luster
6.7 Hardness
6.7.1 Mohs Hardness
7.2.2 Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa746.00 MPa
0.14
3490
7.3.4 Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa481.00 MPa
121
3430
7.4 Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s2,760.00 m/s
818
16200
7.5 Optical Properties
7.5.1 Refractive Index
7.5.3 Reflectivity
7.7 Allotropes
7.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.4 Electronegativity
8.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
9.2.6 Sanderson Electronegativity
10.1.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
10.1.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
10.2.2 Allen Electronegativity
10.5 Electropositivity
10.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity
10.6 Ionization Energies
10.6.2 1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol581.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
10.6.4 2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol1,140.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
10.6.7 3rd Energy Level
NA2,204.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
10.7.1 4th Energy Level
NA4,100.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
10.7.2 5th Energy Level
10.7.4 6th Energy Level
10.8.4 7th Energy level
11.1.1 8th Energy Level
11.2.3 9th Energy Level
11.2.5 10th Energy Level
11.3.3 11th Energy Level
11.3.5 12th Energy Level
11.3.8 13th Energy Level
11.3.10 14th Energy Level
11.3.14 15th Energy Level
11.3.16 16th Energy Level
11.3.19 17th Energy Level
11.3.22 18th Energy Level
11.3.25 19th Energy Level
11.4.3 20th Energy Level
11.5.3 21st Energy Level
11.5.5 22nd Energy Level
11.5.7 23rd Energy Level
11.5.10 24th Energy Level
11.6.2 25th Energy Level
11.6.3 26th Energy Level
11.7.2 27th Energy Level
12.1.1 28th Energy Level
12.1.3 29th Energy Level
12.3.1 30th Energy Level
12.5 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr2.02 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
12.6 Electron Work Function
12.7 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
13 Atomic
13.1 Atomic Number
13.3 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
[Xe] 4f11 6s2
13.4 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
13.4.1 Crystal Lattice
13.5 Atom
13.5.1 Number of Protons
13.5.4 Number of Neutrons
13.5.7 Number of Electrons
13.7 Radius of an Atom
13.7.1 Atomic Radius
139.00 pm176.00 pm
112
265
13.8.1 Covalent Radius
136.00 pm192.00 pm
96
260
13.10.1 Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm216.00 pm
139
348
13.12 Atomic Weight
47.87 amu164.93 amu
6.94
294
13.15 Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol18.70 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
14.2 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
14.2.1 Previous Element
14.2.2 Next Element
14.3 Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)47.90 (-eV)
8
392.42
14.4 Lattice Constant
392.42 pm357.73 pm
228.58
891.25
14.6 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
14.7 Lattice C/A Ratio
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm38.79 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
15.2.3 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm38.34 g/cm3
0.512
20
15.4 Tensile Strength
15.5 Viscosity
15.6 Vapor Pressure
15.6.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
15.6.4 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
15.7 Elasticity properties
15.7.1 Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa26.30 GPa
1.3
222
15.9.1 Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa40.20 GPa
1.6
462
17.1.2 Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa64.80 GPa
1.7
528
17.6 Poisson Ratio
17.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable, Sectile
18 Magnetic
18.1 Magnetic Characteristics
18.1.1 Specific Gravity
19.3.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
19.3.3 Permeability
0.00 H/mNA
1.25643E-06
0.0063
19.5.1 Susceptibility
19.8 Electrical Properties
19.8.1 Electrical Property
19.8.2 Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m814.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
19.13.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω0.01 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
20.1.3 Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol50.00 kJ/mol
0
222.8
21 Thermal
21.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)0.16 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
21.4 Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K27.15 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
21.6 Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K16.20 W/m·K
6.3
429
21.7 Critical Temperature
21.8 Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)11.20 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
21.10 Enthalpy
21.10.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol241.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
22.1.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol11.76 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
22.1.5 Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol301.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
22.2 Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K75.30 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1