1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74400647439965
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
- Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
- Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
2.2 Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa
Johann Gottlieb Gahn
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %8 * 10-4 %
5E-09
0.11
2.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %~0.001 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.7 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.10 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.13 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
-
Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
- This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
- Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
NA0.08 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.5 In Bone
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
1,772.00 °C1,245.00 °C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C1,962.00 °C
147
5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
4.3.2 Color
4.3.3 Luster
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
4.5.1 Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa196.00 MPa
0.14
3490
4.6.1 Vickers Hardness
5.2 Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s5,150.00 m/s
818
16200
5.3 Optical Properties
5.3.1 Refractive Index
5.6.2 Reflectivity
5.7 Allotropes
5.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6 Chemical
6.1 Chemical Formula
6.2 Isotopes
6.2.1 Known Isotopes
6.3 Electronegativity
6.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
6.3.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
6.4.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
6.4.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
6.4.6 Allen Electronegativity
6.6 Electropositivity
6.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity
6.7 Ionization Energies
6.7.1 1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol717.30 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
6.8.1 2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol1,509.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
6.8.2 3rd Energy Level
NA3,248.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
6.10.1 4th Energy Level
NA4,940.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
6.11.1 5th Energy Level
NA6,990.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
6.13.1 6th Energy Level
NA9,220.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
7.1.2 7th Energy level
NA11,500.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
7.1.3 8th Energy Level
NA18,770.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
7.1.5 9th Energy Level
NA21,400.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
7.2.1 10th Energy Level
NA23,960.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
7.3.1 11th Energy Level
NA27,590.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
7.4.2 12th Energy Level
NA30,330.00 kJ/mol
22219
189368
7.4.4 13th Energy Level
NA33,150.00 kJ/mol
26930
76015
7.5.1 14th Energy Level
NA38,880.00 kJ/mol
29196
86450
7.5.3 15th Energy Level
NA41,987.00 kJ/mol
41987
97510
7.5.5 16th Energy Level
NA109,480.00 kJ/mol
47206
109480
7.5.6 17th Energy Level
NA118,100.00 kJ/mol
52737
122200
7.5.8 18th Energy Level
NA127,100.00 kJ/mol
58570
134810
7.5.9 19th Energy Level
NA138,600.00 kJ/mol
64702
148700
7.6.1 20th Energy Level
NA148,500.00 kJ/mol
80400
171200
7.7.1 21st Energy Level
NA158,600.00 kJ/mol
87000
179100
8.1.2 22nd Energy Level
NA172,500.00 kJ/mol
93400
184900
8.1.5 23rd Energy Level
NA181,380.00 kJ/mol
98420
198800
8.1.6 24th Energy Level
8.1.8 25th Energy Level
8.2.3 26th Energy Level
8.2.4 27th Energy Level
8.2.6 28th Energy Level
8.2.7 29th Energy Level
8.2.9 30th Energy Level
8.3 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr0.29 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
9.2 Electron Work Function
9.4 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
10 Atomic
10.1 Atomic Number
10.3 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
[Ar] 3d5 4s2
10.4 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
10.4.1 Crystal Lattice
10.5 Atom
10.5.1 Number of Protons
10.5.2 Number of Neutrons
10.6.1 Number of Electrons
10.8 Radius of an Atom
10.8.1 Atomic Radius
139.00 pm127.00 pm
112
265
10.9.2 Covalent Radius
136.00 pm139.00 pm
96
260
10.9.3 Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm200.00 pm
139
348
10.10 Atomic Weight
47.87 amu54.94 amu
6.94
294
10.11 Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol1.39 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
10.12 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
10.12.1 Previous Element
10.12.2 Next Element
10.13 Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)220.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
10.15 Lattice Constant
392.42 pm891.25 pm
228.58
891.25
10.16 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
10.17 Lattice C/A Ratio
11 Mechanical
11.1 Density
11.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm37.21 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
11.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm35.95 g/cm3
0.512
20
11.2 Tensile Strength
11.3 Viscosity
11.4 Vapor Pressure
11.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
11.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
11.5 Elasticity properties
11.5.1 Shear Modulus
11.5.2 Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa120.00 GPa
1.6
462
11.5.3 Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa198.00 GPa
1.7
528
11.6 Poisson Ratio
11.7 Other Mechanical Properties
12 Magnetic
12.1 Magnetic Characteristics
12.1.1 Specific Gravity
12.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
12.1.3 Permeability
0.00 H/mNA
1.25643E-06
0.0063
12.1.4 Susceptibility
12.2 Electrical Properties
12.2.1 Electrical Property
12.2.2 Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m1.44 nΩ·m
0.18
961
12.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω0.01 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
12.2.4 Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol0.00 kJ/mol
0
222.8
13 Thermal
13.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)0.48 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
13.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K26.32 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
13.3 Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K7.81 W/m·K
6.3
429
13.4 Critical Temperature
13.5 Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)21.70 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
13.6 Enthalpy
13.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol219.70 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
13.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol14.64 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
13.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol280.30 kJ/mol
61.5
837
13.7 Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K32.00 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1