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Rutherfordium
Rutherfordium

Mercury
Mercury



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Rutherfordium
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Mercury

Rutherfordium Mercury Comparison

1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Rf
Hg
1.2 Group Number
412
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.3 Period Number
76
Lithium Metal
2 7
1.4 Block
d block
d block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
538503657439976
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
Not Available
R_ 3m
1.8 Space Group Number
NA166.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
2.2 Sources
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced
Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Ancient Chinese and Indians
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1964
Before 2000 BCE
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
NANA
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~-9999 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
NANA
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
NA0.05 %
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
NANA
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Unknown
Highly Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.01 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.0.45 p.p.m.
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
2,100.00 °CNA
Francium Metal
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
5,500.00 °C356.58 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Liquid
4.3.2 Color
Unknown
Silver
4.3.3 Luster
Unknown Luster
NA
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
NANA
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
NANA
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium Metal
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
NA1,451.40 m/s
Thallium Metal
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NA1.00
Palladium Metal
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NA73.00 %
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Rf
Hg
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
1334
Tennessine Metal
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
NA2.00
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
1.2.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
NA2.20
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
1.2.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
NA1.44
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
1.3.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NA1.81
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
1.3.4 Allen Electronegativity
NA1.44
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
1.4 Electropositivity
1.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
NA2.00
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
1.5 Ionization Energies
1.5.1 1st Energy Level
579.90 kJ/mol1,007.10 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
1.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,389.40 kJ/mol1,810.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
1.5.4 3rd Energy Level
2,296.40 kJ/mol3,300.00 kJ/mol
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
1.6.2 4th Energy Level
3,077.90 kJ/molNA
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
1.7.2 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
1.7.4 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
1.7.6 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
1.7.7 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
1.7.9 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
1.7.11 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
1.7.13 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
1.7.15 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
1.7.17 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
1.7.19 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
1.7.21 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
1.7.22 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
1.7.24 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
1.7.26 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
1.7.28 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
1.7.29 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
1.7.31 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
1.7.32 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
1.7.34 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
1.7.36 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
1.7.37 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
1.7.39 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
1.7.41 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
1.7.43 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
1.7.44 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
1.7.46 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
1.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
NA3.74 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
1.9 Electron Work Function
NA4.49 eV
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
1.10 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
2 Atomic
2.1 Atomic Number
10480
Lithium Metal
3 117
2.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
2.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Rhombohedral (RHO)
2.3.1 Crystal Lattice
2.4 Atom
2.4.1 Number of Protons
10480
Lithium Metal
3 117
2.4.3 Number of Neutrons
157121
Lithium Metal
4 184
2.4.6 Number of Electrons
10480
Lithium Metal
3 117
2.5 Radius of an Atom
2.5.1 Atomic Radius
150.00 pm151.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
2.6.1 Covalent Radius
157.00 pm132.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
2.6.2 Van der Waals Radius
NA155.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
2.8 Atomic Weight
267.00 amu200.59 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
2.10 Atomic Volume
NA14.82 cm3/mol
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
2.11 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
2.11.1 Previous Element
2.11.2 Next Element
2.12 Valence Electron Potential
NA28.20 (-eV)
Francium Metal
8 392.42
2.13 Lattice Constant
NA300.50 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
2.14 Lattice Angles
NA
NA
2.15 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
3 Mechanical
3.1 Density
3.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
23.20 g/cm313.53 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
3.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
NANA
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
3.2 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
3.3 Viscosity
NA0.00
0.001526 0.001526
3.4 Vapor Pressure
3.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NANA
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
3.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
3.5 Elasticity properties
3.5.1 Shear Modulus
NANA
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
3.5.2 Bulk Modulus
NANA
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
3.5.3 Young's Modulus
NANA
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
3.6 Poisson Ratio
NANA
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
3.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
NA
4 Magnetic
4.1 Magnetic Characteristics
4.1.1 Specific Gravity
NA13.53
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
4.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Unknown
Diamagnetic
4.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
4.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
4.2 Electrical Properties
4.2.1 Electrical Property
Unknown
Conductor
4.2.2 Resistivity
NA961.00 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
4.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.01 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
4.2.4 Electron Affinity
NA0.00 kJ/mol
Palladium
0 222.8
5 Thermal
5.1 Specific Heat
NA0.14 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
5.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA27.98 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
5.3 Thermal Conductivity
NA8.30 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
5.4 Critical Temperature
NA1,750.00 K
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
5.5 Thermal Expansion
NA60.40 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
1.2 Enthalpy
1.2.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA56.90 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
1.5.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
NA2.29 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
1.5.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
NA61.50 kJ/mol
Sodium
61.5 837
1.6 Standard Molar Entropy
NA75.80 J/mol.K
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1