1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.4 Period Number
1.5 Block
1.6 Element Family
Transition Metal
Lanthanide
1.7 CAS Number
538503657440008
7429905
54386242
1.9 Space Group Name
1.10 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
- Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
- Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
- Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
2.2 Sources
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced
Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Carl Auer von Welsbach
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.7.1 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000003 %
1E-08
0.1
2.9.1 Abundance In Meteorites
3.1.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.1.4 Abundance In Oceans
3.1.5 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
- It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
4.1.2 Medical Uses
4.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes
Alloys
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
4.4.2 In Bone
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
2,100.00 °C1,010.00 °C
27
3410
5.2 Boiling Point
5,500.00 °C3,127.00 °C
147
5660
5.4 Appearance
5.4.1 Physical State
5.4.2 Color
5.4.3 Luster
5.5 Hardness
5.5.1 Mohs Hardness
5.5.4 Brinell Hardness
5.5.5 Vickers Hardness
6.2 Speed of Sound
6.3 Optical Properties
6.3.1 Refractive Index
6.3.3 Reflectivity
6.4 Allotropes
6.4.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.4.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.4.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7 Chemical
7.1 Chemical Formula
7.2 Isotopes
7.2.1 Known Isotopes
7.4 Electronegativity
7.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
7.4.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
7.4.5 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.1.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.1.2 Allen Electronegativity
8.3 Electropositivity
8.3.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.5 Ionization Energies
8.5.1 1st Energy Level
579.90 kJ/mol533.10 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
8.6.1 2nd Energy Level
1,389.40 kJ/mol1,040.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
8.6.2 3rd Energy Level
2,296.40 kJ/mol2,130.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
8.7.1 4th Energy Level
3,077.90 kJ/mol3,900.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
8.8.2 5th Energy Level
8.8.3 6th Energy Level
8.8.5 7th Energy level
8.8.7 8th Energy Level
8.8.8 9th Energy Level
8.9.1 10th Energy Level
8.9.2 11th Energy Level
8.9.3 12th Energy Level
8.9.4 13th Energy Level
8.9.5 14th Energy Level
8.9.6 15th Energy Level
8.9.7 16th Energy Level
8.9.8 17th Energy Level
8.9.9 18th Energy Level
8.9.10 19th Energy Level
8.9.11 20th Energy Level
8.9.12 21st Energy Level
8.9.13 22nd Energy Level
8.9.14 23rd Energy Level
8.9.15 24th Energy Level
8.9.16 25th Energy Level
8.9.17 26th Energy Level
8.9.18 27th Energy Level
8.9.19 28th Energy Level
8.9.20 29th Energy Level
8.9.21 30th Energy Level
8.10 Electrochemical Equivalent
NA1.79 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
8.11 Electron Work Function
8.12 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization
9 Atomic
9.1 Atomic Number
9.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2
[Xe] 4f4 6s2
9.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
9.3.1 Crystal Lattice
9.4 Atom
9.4.1 Number of Protons
9.4.2 Number of Neutrons
9.4.3 Number of Electrons
9.5 Radius of an Atom
9.5.1 Atomic Radius
150.00 pm181.00 pm
112
265
9.5.2 Covalent Radius
157.00 pm201.00 pm
96
260
9.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
9.6 Atomic Weight
267.00 amu144.24 amu
6.94
294
9.7 Atomic Volume
NA20.60 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
9.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
9.8.1 Previous Element
9.8.2 Next Element
9.9 Valence Electron Potential
9.10 Lattice Constant
NA365.80 pm
228.58
891.25
9.11 Lattice Angles
9.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
10 Mechanical
10.1 Density
10.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
23.20 g/cm37.01 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
10.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.2 Tensile Strength
10.3 Viscosity
10.4 Vapor Pressure
10.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
10.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NA101.00 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
10.5 Elasticity properties
10.5.1 Shear Modulus
10.5.2 Bulk Modulus
10.5.3 Young's Modulus
10.6 Poisson Ratio
10.7 Other Mechanical Properties
11 Magnetic
11.1 Magnetic Characteristics
11.1.1 Specific Gravity
11.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
11.1.3 Permeability
11.1.4 Susceptibility
11.2 Electrical Properties
11.2.1 Electrical Property
11.2.2 Resistivity
11.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.02 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
11.2.4 Electron Affinity
12 Thermal
12.1 Specific Heat
12.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA27.45 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
12.3 Thermal Conductivity
12.4 Critical Temperature
12.5 Thermal Expansion
12.6 Enthalpy
12.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA273.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
12.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
12.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
12.7 Standard Molar Entropy
NA71.50 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1