1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.7 Period Number
2.7 Block
2.8 Element Family
2.9 CAS Number
74402357440520
7429905
54386242
3.5 Space Group Name
3.6 Space Group Number
4 Facts
4.1 Interesting Facts
- At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
- The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
- Erbium metal is used as alloyed with Vanadium to make it softer.
- Recent studies shows that it is helpful for metabolism.
4.2 Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Mining
Mining
5.1 History
5.2.1 Who Discovered
Humphry Davy
Carl Gustaf Mosander
6.1.1 Discovery
6.2 Abundance
6.2.1 Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-3 %2 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
6.2.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.004 %~0.0000001 %
1E-08
0.1
6.4.1 Abundance In Meteorites
6.8.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
6.9.4 Abundance In Oceans
6.9.6 Abundance In Humans
7 Uses
7.1 Uses & Benefits
- In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
- Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
- It has a tendency to get tarnished in the open air, but when alloyed with elements like erbium, vanadium, its hardness levels decreases.
- Its compounds like Erbium oxide is used in safety glasses of welders and metal workers.
7.1.2 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Chemical Industry
7.1.3 Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
7.1.4 Other Uses
7.2 Biological Properties
7.2.1 Toxicity
7.2.2 Present in Human Body
7.2.3 In Blood
1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
7.2.5 In Bone
10,000.00 p.p.m.NA
0
170000
9 Physical
9.1 Melting Point
97.72 °C1,522.00 °C
27
3410
10.2 Boiling Point
883.00 °C2,510.00 °C
147
5660
10.4 Appearance
10.4.1 Physical State
10.4.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
10.4.3 Luster
10.5 Hardness
10.5.1 Mohs Hardness
10.6.3 Brinell Hardness
0.69 MPa814.00 MPa
0.14
3490
11.1.1 Vickers Hardness
11.2 Speed of Sound
3,200.00 m/s2,830.00 m/s
818
16200
11.3 Optical Properties
11.3.1 Refractive Index
13.2.2 Reflectivity
13.4 Allotropes
13.4.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
13.4.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
13.4.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
14 Chemical
14.1 Chemical Formula
14.2 Isotopes
14.2.1 Known Isotopes
14.4 Electronegativity
14.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
14.8.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
14.9.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
14.9.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
14.10.2 Allen Electronegativity
14.11 Electropositivity
14.11.1 Pauling Electropositivity
14.12 Ionization Energies
14.12.1 1st Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol589.30 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
14.12.4 2nd Energy Level
4,562.00 kJ/mol1,150.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
14.13.1 3rd Energy Level
6,910.30 kJ/mol2,194.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
14.15.1 4th Energy Level
9,543.00 kJ/mol4,120.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
14.17.3 5th Energy Level
13,354.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
14.17.6 6th Energy Level
16,613.00 kJ/molNA
5715.8
105800
15.2.2 7th Energy level
20,117.00 kJ/molNA
7226.8
114300
15.2.4 8th Energy Level
25,496.00 kJ/molNA
8857.4
125300
15.3.2 9th Energy Level
28,932.00 kJ/molNA
14110
134700
15.3.5 10th Energy Level
141,362.00 kJ/molNA
17100
144300
15.3.8 11th Energy Level
159,076.00 kJ/molNA
19900
169988
15.3.10 12th Energy Level
15.3.13 13th Energy Level
15.3.15 14th Energy Level
15.4.3 15th Energy Level
15.5.2 16th Energy Level
15.5.5 17th Energy Level
15.5.7 18th Energy Level
15.5.9 19th Energy Level
15.5.12 20th Energy Level
15.5.14 21st Energy Level
15.5.16 22nd Energy Level
15.5.19 23rd Energy Level
15.5.20 24th Energy Level
15.5.23 25th Energy Level
15.5.26 26th Energy Level
15.5.27 27th Energy Level
15.5.30 28th Energy Level
15.5.33 29th Energy Level
15.5.35 30th Energy Level
15.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.86 g/amp-hr2.08 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
15.7 Electron Work Function
15.8 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
16 Atomic
16.1 Atomic Number
16.2 Electron Configuration
16.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
16.3.1 Crystal Lattice
16.4 Atom
16.4.1 Number of Protons
16.4.4 Number of Neutrons
16.4.8 Number of Electrons
16.5 Radius of an Atom
16.5.1 Atomic Radius
186.00 pm176.00 pm
112
265
16.5.3 Covalent Radius
166.00 pm189.00 pm
96
260
16.6.1 Van der Waals Radius
16.7 Atomic Weight
22.99 amu167.26 amu
6.94
294
16.9 Atomic Volume
23.70 cm3/mol18.40 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
17.2 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
17.2.1 Previous Element
17.2.2 Next Element
17.3 Valence Electron Potential
14.10 (-eV)49.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
17.7 Lattice Constant
429.06 pm355.88 pm
228.58
891.25
17.8 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
17.9 Lattice C/A Ratio
18 Mechanical
18.1 Density
18.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
0.97 g/cm39.07 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
18.1.5 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.93 g/cm38.86 g/cm3
0.512
20
18.2 Tensile Strength
18.4 Viscosity
18.5 Vapor Pressure
18.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
18.5.4 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
18.8 Elasticity properties
18.8.1 Shear Modulus
3.30 GPa28.30 GPa
1.3
222
18.9.1 Bulk Modulus
6.30 GPa44.40 GPa
1.6
462
19.1.1 Young's Modulus
10.00 GPa69.90 GPa
1.7
528
19.4 Poisson Ratio
19.9 Other Mechanical Properties
20 Magnetic
20.1 Magnetic Characteristics
20.1.1 Specific Gravity
20.2.1 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
20.2.2 Permeability
21.1.2 Susceptibility
21.2 Electrical Properties
21.2.1 Electrical Property
21.2.2 Resistivity
47.70 nΩ·m0.86 nΩ·m
0.18
961
21.3.2 Electrical Conductivity
0.21 106/cm Ω0.01 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
21.4.2 Electron Affinity
52.80 kJ/mol50.00 kJ/mol
0
222.8
22 Thermal
22.1 Specific Heat
1.23 J/(kg K)0.17 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
22.4 Molar Heat Capacity
28.23 J/mol·K28.12 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
22.5 Thermal Conductivity
142.00 W/m·K14.50 W/m·K
6.3
429
22.8 Critical Temperature
22.11 Thermal Expansion
71.00 µm/(m·K)12.20 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
22.12 Enthalpy
22.12.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
89.04 kJ/mol261.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
22.13.1 Enthalpy of Fusion
2.59 kJ/mol17.20 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
22.15.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
108.40 kJ/mol314.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
23.2 Standard Molar Entropy
51.30 J/mol.K73.10 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1