1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.7 Period Number
2.2 Block
2.3 Element Family
Post-Transition
Alkaline Earth
2.4 CAS Number
74403157440144
7429905
54386242
3.11 Space Group Name
3.13 Space Group Number
4 Facts
4.1 Interesting Facts
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
- Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
- Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
4.3 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Mining, Ores of metals
4.4 History
4.4.1 Who Discovered
4.4.2 Discovery
4.5 Abundance
4.5.1 Abundance In Universe
3.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
4.2.2 Abundance In Meteorites
1.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.1.3 Abundance In Oceans
4.1.3 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
-
Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
- It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
-
It is used in luminous paints.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
NA
5.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry
Pharmaceutical Industry
5.1.3 Other Uses
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.4 In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
5.5.1 In Bone
7 Physical
7.1 Melting Point
231.90 °C700.00 °C
27
3410
2.5 Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C1,737.00 °C
147
5660
3.8 Appearance
3.8.1 Physical State
3.8.3 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
3.8.4 Luster
3.10 Hardness
3.10.1 Mohs Hardness
2.1.2 Brinell Hardness
3.4.1 Vickers Hardness
3.7 Speed of Sound
3.12 Optical Properties
3.12.1 Refractive Index
4.5.3 Reflectivity
4.8 Allotropes
4.9.2 α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
Not Available
4.9.3 β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)
Not Available
4.9.4 γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
25.7.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
25.8.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
25.9.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
25.11.4 Allen Electronegativity
26.3 Electropositivity
26.3.1 Pauling Electropositivity
26.5 Ionization Energies
26.5.1 1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol509.30 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
27.2.5 2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol979.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
27.3.6 3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/molNA
1600
34230
27.4.1 4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
27.5.5 5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
28.2.2 6th Energy Level
29.2.1 7th Energy level
29.3.2 8th Energy Level
29.6.3 9th Energy Level
29.8.6 10th Energy Level
29.9.5 11th Energy Level
30.1.4 12th Energy Level
31.4.1 13th Energy Level
31.8.6 14th Energy Level
31.10.5 15th Energy Level
32.2.2 16th Energy Level
32.8.1 17th Energy Level
32.8.3 18th Energy Level
32.10.3 19th Energy Level
32.10.5 20th Energy Level
32.11.1 21st Energy Level
32.12.2 22nd Energy Level
33.1.3 23rd Energy Level
33.1.6 24th Energy Level
33.5.5 25th Energy Level
33.7.2 26th Energy Level
33.7.4 27th Energy Level
33.9.2 28th Energy Level
33.9.4 29th Energy Level
33.14.1 30th Energy Level
33.16 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr4.22 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
33.20 Electron Work Function
35.2 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
36 Atomic
36.1 Atomic Number
36.4 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
[Rn] 7s2
36.5 Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
36.5.1 Crystal Lattice
36.6 Atom
36.6.1 Number of Protons
37.3.1 Number of Neutrons
37.8.2 Number of Electrons
38.4 Radius of an Atom
38.4.1 Atomic Radius
38.4.2 Covalent Radius
139.00 pm221.00 pm
96
260
38.5.4 Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm283.00 pm
139
348
38.6 Atomic Weight
118.71 amu226.00 amu
6.94
294
38.9 Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol45.20 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
40.2 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
40.2.1 Previous Element
40.2.2 Next Element
40.3 Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)20.10 (-eV)
8
392.42
40.4 Lattice Constant
583.18 pm514.80 pm
228.58
891.25
40.5 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
40.6 Lattice C/A Ratio
41 Mechanical
41.1 Density
41.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm35.50 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
41.3.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
41.5 Tensile Strength
42.3 Viscosity
43.3 Vapor Pressure
43.3.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
43.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
43.7 Elasticity properties
43.7.1 Shear Modulus
43.10.1 Bulk Modulus
44.2.2 Young's Modulus
1.4 Poisson Ratio
1.9 Other Mechanical Properties
2 Magnetic
2.1 Magnetic Characteristics
2.1.2 Specific Gravity
2.2.3 Magnetic Ordering
2.3.1 Permeability
1.4.1 Susceptibility
2.4 Electrical Properties
2.4.1 Electrical Property
2.5.1 Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m100.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
4.0.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
5.11.2 Electron Affinity
6 Thermal
6.1 Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
1.3 Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
1.6 Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K18.60 W/m·K
6.3
429
1.17 Critical Temperature
1.20 Thermal Expansion
3.5 Enthalpy
3.5.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
4.2.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
4.5.2 Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol163.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
5.3 Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K71.00 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1