1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.7 Period Number
3.5 Block
3.6 Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkaline Earth
3.7 CAS Number
74406227440417
7429905
54386242
1.3 Space Group Name
1.4 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
- Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
- Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
- Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
- It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
2.2 Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Andrés Manuel del Río
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-4 %1 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
2.4.5 Abundance In Sun
~0.00004 %~0.00000001 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.7 Abundance In Meteorites
3.2.5 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.2.8 Abundance In Oceans
5.1.2 Abundance In Humans
6 Uses
6.1 Uses & Benefits
- Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
-
Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
- Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
- Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
6.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
6.1.2 Medical Uses
6.1.3 Other Uses
6.2 Biological Properties
6.2.1 Toxicity
6.2.2 Present in Human Body
6.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
7.1.1 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
8 Physical
8.1 Melting Point
1,890.00 °C1,278.00 °C
27
3410
8.3 Boiling Point
3,380.00 °C2,970.00 °C
147
5660
8.5 Appearance
8.5.1 Physical State
8.5.2 Color
Blue-Silver Grey
White Gray
8.5.3 Luster
8.6 Hardness
8.6.1 Mohs Hardness
8.6.4 Brinell Hardness
600.00 MPa590.00 MPa
0.14
3490
8.7.2 Vickers Hardness
628.00 MPa1,670.00 MPa
121
3430
8.10 Speed of Sound
4,560.00 m/s12,890.00 m/s
818
16200
9.3 Optical Properties
9.3.1 Refractive Index
9.3.3 Reflectivity
10.3 Allotropes
10.3.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.3.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.3.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
11 Chemical
11.1 Chemical Formula
11.2 Isotopes
11.2.1 Known Isotopes
11.4 Electronegativity
11.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
11.4.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
11.4.7 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
11.4.10 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
11.5.2 Allen Electronegativity
11.7 Electropositivity
11.7.1 Pauling Electropositivity
11.10 Ionization Energies
11.10.1 1st Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol899.50 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
11.10.4 2nd Energy Level
1,414.00 kJ/mol1,757.10 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
11.10.6 3rd Energy Level
2,830.00 kJ/mol14,848.70 kJ/mol
1600
34230
11.10.9 4th Energy Level
4,507.00 kJ/mol21,006.60 kJ/mol
2780
37066
11.10.12 5th Energy Level
6,298.70 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
11.10.15 6th Energy Level
12,363.00 kJ/molNA
5715.8
105800
11.10.18 7th Energy level
14,530.00 kJ/molNA
7226.8
114300
11.10.21 8th Energy Level
16,730.00 kJ/molNA
8857.4
125300
11.10.24 9th Energy Level
19,860.00 kJ/molNA
14110
134700
11.10.27 10th Energy Level
22,240.00 kJ/molNA
17100
144300
11.10.30 11th Energy Level
24,670.00 kJ/molNA
19900
169988
11.10.33 12th Energy Level
29,730.00 kJ/molNA
22219
189368
11.10.36 13th Energy Level
32,446.00 kJ/molNA
26930
76015
11.10.39 14th Energy Level
86,450.00 kJ/molNA
29196
86450
11.10.42 15th Energy Level
94,170.00 kJ/molNA
41987
97510
11.10.46 16th Energy Level
102,300.00 kJ/molNA
47206
109480
11.10.49 17th Energy Level
112,700.00 kJ/molNA
52737
122200
11.10.54 18th Energy Level
121,600.00 kJ/molNA
58570
134810
11.10.58 19th Energy Level
130,700.00 kJ/molNA
64702
148700
11.10.62 20th Energy Level
143,400.00 kJ/molNA
80400
171200
11.10.66 21st Energy Level
151,440.00 kJ/molNA
87000
179100
11.11.1 22nd Energy Level
11.12.1 23rd Energy Level
12.1.2 24th Energy Level
12.4.3 25th Energy Level
12.4.6 26th Energy Level
12.4.9 27th Energy Level
12.5.4 28th Energy Level
12.5.6 29th Energy Level
12.6.1 30th Energy Level
12.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.38 g/amp-hr0.17 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
12.12 Electron Work Function
13.2 Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
14 Atomic
14.1 Atomic Number
14.4 Electron Configuration
14.5 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
14.5.1 Crystal Lattice
14.6 Atom
14.6.1 Number of Protons
14.9.2 Number of Neutrons
15.1.1 Number of Electrons
15.4 Radius of an Atom
15.4.1 Atomic Radius
134.00 pm112.00 pm
112
265
16.1.2 Covalent Radius
16.1.5 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm153.00 pm
139
348
16.3 Atomic Weight
50.94 amu9.01 amu
6.94
294
16.4 Atomic Volume
8.78 cm3/mol5.00 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
17.3 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
17.3.1 Previous Element
17.3.2 Next Element
17.4 Valence Electron Potential
120.00 (-eV)82.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
17.7 Lattice Constant
303.00 pm228.58 pm
228.58
891.25
17.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
17.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
18 Mechanical
18.1 Density
18.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.00 g/cm31.85 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
18.3.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.50 g/cm31.69 g/cm3
0.512
20
18.7 Tensile Strength
18.9 Viscosity
18.10 Vapor Pressure
18.10.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
18.12.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
19.2 Elasticity properties
19.2.1 Shear Modulus
47.00 GPa132.00 GPa
1.3
222
19.2.3 Bulk Modulus
160.00 GPa130.00 GPa
1.6
462
19.3.1 Young's Modulus
128.00 GPa287.00 GPa
1.7
528
19.5 Poisson Ratio
19.7 Other Mechanical Properties
20 Magnetic
20.1 Magnetic Characteristics
20.1.1 Specific Gravity
20.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
20.1.4 Permeability
20.2.2 Susceptibility
20.3 Electrical Properties
20.3.1 Electrical Property
Superconductor
Semiconductor
20.3.2 Resistivity
197.00 nΩ·m36.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
20.3.4 Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω0.31 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
20.3.6 Electron Affinity
50.60 kJ/mol0.00 kJ/mol
0
222.8
21 Thermal
21.1 Specific Heat
0.49 J/(kg K)1.82 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
22.2 Molar Heat Capacity
24.89 J/mol·K16.44 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
22.3 Thermal Conductivity
30.70 W/m·K200.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
22.4 Critical Temperature
22.6 Thermal Expansion
8.40 µm/(m·K)11.30 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
22.7 Enthalpy
22.7.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
458.60 kJ/mol294.70 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
22.7.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
17.57 kJ/mol11.72 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
23.1.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
514.60 kJ/mol326.40 kJ/mol
61.5
837
23.3 Standard Molar Entropy
28.90 J/mol.K9.50 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1