1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.9 Period Number
1.10 Block
1.11 Element Family
1.12 CAS Number
74399327440622
7429905
54386242
1.15 Space Group Name
1.16 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
- Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.
- Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
- Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
3.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Johan August Arfwedson
Andrés Manuel del Río
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-7 %1 * 10-4 %
5E-09
0.11
3.4.5 Abundance In Sun
~0.00017 %~0.00004 %
1E-08
0.1
3.4.8 Abundance In Meteorites
3.4.11 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.4.15 Abundance In Oceans
4.2.5 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
- it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.
- Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
-
Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
5.1.3 Other Uses
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
6.1.2 In Bone
1.30 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
7 Physical
7.1 Melting Point
180.54 °C1,890.00 °C
27
3410
7.4 Boiling Point
1,347.00 °C3,380.00 °C
147
5660
7.5 Appearance
7.5.1 Physical State
7.5.2 Color
Silvery White
Blue-Silver Grey
7.5.3 Luster
7.6 Hardness
7.6.1 Mohs Hardness
7.6.5 Brinell Hardness
5.00 MPa600.00 MPa
0.14
3490
7.7.2 Vickers Hardness
7.9 Speed of Sound
6,000.00 m/s4,560.00 m/s
818
16200
8.3 Optical Properties
8.3.1 Refractive Index
8.3.3 Reflectivity
8.5 Allotropes
8.5.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.5.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.5.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9 Chemical
9.1 Chemical Formula
9.2 Isotopes
9.2.1 Known Isotopes
9.3 Electronegativity
9.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
9.3.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
9.3.8 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
9.3.11 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.4.2 Allen Electronegativity
9.6 Electropositivity
9.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.7 Ionization Energies
9.7.1 1st Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol650.90 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.8.2 2nd Energy Level
7,298.10 kJ/mol1,414.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
9.9.2 3rd Energy Level
11,815.00 kJ/mol2,830.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
2.1.2 4th Energy Level
NA4,507.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
2.4.1 5th Energy Level
NA6,298.70 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
2.8.2 6th Energy Level
NA12,363.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
2.8.5 7th Energy level
NA14,530.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
2.10.1 8th Energy Level
NA16,730.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
2.10.4 9th Energy Level
NA19,860.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
3.5.2 10th Energy Level
NA22,240.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
3.5.6 11th Energy Level
NA24,670.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
3.5.10 12th Energy Level
NA29,730.00 kJ/mol
22219
189368
3.6.3 13th Energy Level
NA32,446.00 kJ/mol
26930
76015
3.7.2 14th Energy Level
NA86,450.00 kJ/mol
29196
86450
3.7.5 15th Energy Level
NA94,170.00 kJ/mol
41987
97510
3.9.3 16th Energy Level
NA102,300.00 kJ/mol
47206
109480
4.2.3 17th Energy Level
NA112,700.00 kJ/mol
52737
122200
4.3.2 18th Energy Level
NA121,600.00 kJ/mol
58570
134810
5.0.1 19th Energy Level
NA130,700.00 kJ/mol
64702
148700
6.1.2 20th Energy Level
NA143,400.00 kJ/mol
80400
171200
6.1.5 21st Energy Level
NA151,440.00 kJ/mol
87000
179100
6.2.2 22nd Energy Level
6.3.2 23rd Energy Level
6.5.3 24th Energy Level
6.6.2 25th Energy Level
6.8.1 26th Energy Level
6.8.3 27th Energy Level
6.10.2 28th Energy Level
6.11.1 29th Energy Level
7.1.2 30th Energy Level
7.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.26 g/amp-hr0.38 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
8.3 Electron Work Function
8.6 Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
9 Atomic
9.1 Atomic Number
10.2 Electron Configuration
10.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
10.3.1 Crystal Lattice
10.4 Atom
10.4.1 Number of Protons
10.5.5 Number of Neutrons
10.6.3 Number of Electrons
10.10 Radius of an Atom
10.10.1 Atomic Radius
152.00 pm134.00 pm
112
265
10.10.5 Covalent Radius
128.00 pm153.00 pm
96
260
10.11.2 Van der Waals Radius
182.00 pm200.00 pm
139
348
10.14 Atomic Weight
6.94 amu50.94 amu
6.94
294
10.16 Atomic Volume
13.10 cm3/mol8.78 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
10.19 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
10.19.1 Previous Element
10.19.2 Next Element
10.20 Valence Electron Potential
19.00 (-eV)120.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
12.2 Lattice Constant
351.00 pm303.00 pm
228.58
891.25
12.4 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
12.5 Lattice C/A Ratio
13 Mechanical
13.1 Density
13.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
0.53 g/cm36.00 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
13.4.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.51 g/cm35.50 g/cm3
0.512
20
13.7 Tensile Strength
13.8 Viscosity
13.11 Vapor Pressure
13.11.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
109.00 (Pa)NA
2.47E-11
121
13.12.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
13.13 Elasticity properties
13.13.1 Shear Modulus
4.20 GPa47.00 GPa
1.3
222
13.13.5 Bulk Modulus
11.00 GPa160.00 GPa
1.6
462
13.14.1 Young's Modulus
4.90 GPa128.00 GPa
1.7
528
14.2 Poisson Ratio
14.3 Other Mechanical Properties
15 Magnetic
15.1 Magnetic Characteristics
15.1.1 Specific Gravity
15.1.5 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
15.1.6 Permeability
15.1.9 Susceptibility
15.3 Electrical Properties
15.3.1 Electrical Property
15.3.2 Resistivity
92.80 nΩ·m197.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
15.3.6 Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω0.05 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
15.3.10 Electron Affinity
59.60 kJ/mol50.60 kJ/mol
0
222.8
16 Thermal
16.1 Specific Heat
3.60 J/(kg K)0.49 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
17.2 Molar Heat Capacity
24.86 J/mol·K24.89 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
17.4 Thermal Conductivity
84.80 W/m·K30.70 W/m·K
6.3
429
17.6 Critical Temperature
17.7 Thermal Expansion
46.00 µm/(m·K)8.40 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
17.10 Enthalpy
17.10.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
134.70 kJ/mol458.60 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
18.1.1 Enthalpy of Fusion
3.00 kJ/mol17.57 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
18.5.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
160.70 kJ/mol514.60 kJ/mol
61.5
837
18.7 Standard Molar Entropy
29.10 J/mol.K28.90 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1