1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Probably Post-Transition
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
541007197440053
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
Not Available
- Palladium alloys are used for Jewelry contains (95% Palladium and 5% Ruthenium)
- In the late 1800s, Palladium metal used have more economical value than the Platinum metal.
- Palladium element is known as a good catalyst
2.2 Sources
Synthetically Produced
Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
William Hyde Wollaston
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000003 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Livermorium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- Mostly palladium metal is used in catalytic converters. In electronic industry it is used in ceramic capacitors of mobile and computer.
- It is used in jewellery and dental fillings and crowns.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
3.1.3 Other Uses
Research Purposes
Coinage, Bullion, Jewellery
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
3.2.4 In Bone
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
4.2 Boiling Point
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
4.3.2 Color
4.3.3 Luster
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
4.5 Speed of Sound
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
4.6.2 Reflectivity
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
723.60 kJ/mol520.23 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,331.50 kJ/mol7,298.22 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
2,846.30 kJ/mol11,815.13 kJ/mol
1600
34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
3,811.20 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
6,078.60 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
5.5.7 7th Energy level
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
NA1.99 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4
[Kr] 4d10
6.3 Crystal Structure
Not Known
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
1.2.1 Number of Electrons
1.3 Radius of an Atom
1.3.1 Atomic Radius
1.4.1 Covalent Radius
1.4.2 Van der Waals Radius
1.5 Atomic Weight
293.00 amu106.42 amu
6.94
294
1.9 Atomic Volume
NA8.90 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
1.10 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
1.10.1 Previous Element
1.10.2 Next Element
1.11 Valence Electron Potential
1.14 Lattice Constant
NA389.07 pm
228.58
891.25
1.15 Lattice Angles
1.16 Lattice C/A Ratio
2 Mechanical
2.1 Density
2.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
2.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.2 Tensile Strength
2.3 Viscosity
2.4 Vapor Pressure
2.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
2.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.5 Elasticity properties
2.5.1 Shear Modulus
2.5.2 Bulk Modulus
2.5.3 Young's Modulus
2.6 Poisson Ratio
2.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable
3 Magnetic
3.1 Magnetic Characteristics
3.1.1 Specific Gravity
3.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
3.1.3 Permeability
3.1.4 Susceptibility
3.2 Electrical Properties
3.2.1 Electrical Property
3.2.2 Resistivity
3.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.10 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
3.2.4 Electron Affinity
4 Thermal
4.1 Specific Heat
4.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA25.98 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
4.3 Thermal Conductivity
4.4 Critical Temperature
4.5 Thermal Expansion
4.6 Enthalpy
4.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA376.60 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
4.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
4.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
4.7 Standard Molar Entropy
NA37.60 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1