Roentgenium

Thulium

Roentgenium vs Thulium

Roentgenium

Thulium

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Group Number

11NA

0 17

1.3 Period Number

2 7

1.4 Block

d block

f block

1.5 Element Family

Unknown

Lanthanide

1.6 CAS Number

543862427440304

7429905 54386242

1.7 Space Group Name

Not Available

P63/mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

194.00194.00

11 229

2 Facts

2.1 Interesting Facts

Not Available

Thulium metal can resist corrosion due to dry air .
Only Tm-169 isotope of Thulium metal occur naturally.

2.2 Sources

Synthetically Produced

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 Who Discovered

Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung

Per Teodor Cleve

2.3.2 Discovery

In 1994

In 1879

2.4 Abundance

2.4.1 Abundance In Universe

NA1 * 10^-8 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~-9999 %~0.00000002 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites

NA0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust

NA0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans

NA0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Abundance In Humans

NANA

1E-13 1.4

3 Uses

3.1 Uses & Benefits

Currently known uses of Roentgenium metal are limited to research purpose only.

Thulium metal produces isotopes that emits X-rays. This isotope is used in X-ray machine.
Thulium element is also used in Surgical equipment like laser.

3.1.1 Industrial Uses

3.1.2 Medical Uses

3.1.3 Other Uses

Research Purposes

Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes

3.2 Biological Properties

3.2.1 Toxicity

Unknown

3.2.2 Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

3.2.3 In Blood

0.00 Blood/mg dm-3NA

0 1970

3.2.4 In Bone

0.00 p.p.m.NA

0 170000

4 Physical

4.1 Melting Point

NA1,545.00 °C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

NA1,730.00 °C

147 5660

4.3 Appearance

4.3.1 Physical State

Solid

4.3.2 Color

Silver

Silvery Gray

4.3.3 Luster

Unknown Luster

Metallic

4.4 Hardness

4.4.1 Mohs Hardness

NANA

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell Hardness

NA471.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers Hardness

NA520.00 MPa

121 3430

4.5 Speed of Sound

NANA

818 16200

4.6 Optical Properties

4.6.1 Refractive Index

NANA

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 Reflectivity

NANA

58 97

4.7 Allotropes

✔ ✘

4.7.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

5 Chemical

5.1 Chemical Formula

5.2 Isotopes

5.2.1 Known Isotopes

132

0 38

5.3 Electronegativity

5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

NA1.25

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

NANA

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

NA1.11

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

NANA

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity

NANA

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

NA2.75

1.46 3.3

5.5 Ionization Energies

5.5.1 1st Energy Level

1,022.70 kJ/mol596.70 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 2nd Energy Level

2,074.40 kJ/mol1,160.00 kJ/mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 3rd Energy Level

3,077.90 kJ/mol2,285.00 kJ/mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 4th Energy Level

4,052.40 kJ/mol4,120.00 kJ/mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 5th Energy Level

5,306.70 kJ/molNA

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 6th Energy Level

NANA

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 7th Energy level

NANA

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 8th Energy Level

NANA

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 9th Energy Level

NANA

14110 134700

5.5.10 10th Energy Level

NANA

17100 144300

5.5.11 11th Energy Level

NANA

19900 169988

5.5.12 12th Energy Level

NANA

22219 189368

5.5.13 13th Energy Level

NANA

26930 76015

5.5.14 14th Energy Level

NANA

29196 86450

5.5.15 15th Energy Level

NANA

41987 97510

5.5.16 16th Energy Level

NANA

47206 109480

5.5.17 17th Energy Level

NANA

52737 122200

5.5.18 18th Energy Level

NANA

58570 134810

5.5.19 19th Energy Level

NANA

64702 148700

5.5.20 20th Energy Level

NANA

80400 171200

5.5.21 21st Energy Level

NANA

87000 179100

5.5.22 22nd Energy Level

NANA

93400 184900

5.5.23 23rd Energy Level

NANA

98420 198800

5.5.24 24th Energy Level

NANA

104400 195200

5.5.25 25th Energy Level

NANA

121900 121900

5.5.26 26th Energy Level

NANA

127700 127700

5.5.27 27th Energy Level

NANA

133800 133800

5.5.28 28th Energy Level

NANA

139800 139800

5.5.29 29th Energy Level

NANA

148100 148100

5.5.30 30th Energy Level

NANA

154500 154500

5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent

NA2.10 g/amp-hr

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Electron Work Function

NANA

2.14 5.65

5.8 Other Chemical Properties

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility

6 Atomic

6.1 Atomic Number

11169

3 117

6.2 Electron Configuration

[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁹ 7s²

[Xe] 4f¹³ 6s²

6.3 Crystal Structure

Body Centered Cubic (BCC)

Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)

6.3.1 Crystal Lattice

6.4 Atom

6.4.1 Number of Protons

11169

3 117

6.4.2 Number of Neutrons

161100

4 184

6.4.3 Number of Electrons

11169

3 117

6.5 Radius of an Atom

6.5.1 Atomic Radius

NA176.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 Covalent Radius

NA160.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

NANA

139 348

6.6 Atomic Weight

281.00 amu168.93 amu

6.94 294

6.7 Atomic Volume

NA18.10 cm3/mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

6.8.1 Previous Element

6.8.2 Next Element

6.9 Valence Electron Potential

NA49.70 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Lattice Constant

NA353.75 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio

NA1.57

1.567 1.886

7 Mechanical

7.1 Density

7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

28.70 g/cm³9.32 g/cm³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

NA8.56 g/cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Tensile Strength

NANA

2.5 11000

7.3 Viscosity

NANA

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 Vapor Pressure

7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

NA0.06 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

NANA

2.62E-10 774

7.5 Elasticity properties

7.5.1 Shear Modulus

NA30.50 GPa

1.3 222

7.5.2 Bulk Modulus

NA44.50 GPa

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young's Modulus

NA74.00 GPa

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson Ratio

NA0.21

0.032 0.47

7.7 Other Mechanical Properties

Unknown

Ductile, Malleable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Magnetic Characteristics

8.1.1 Specific Gravity

NA9.32

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering

Unknown

Paramagnetic

8.1.3 Permeability

NANA

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 Susceptibility

NANA

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Electrical Properties

8.2.1 Electrical Property

Unknown

Conductor

8.2.2 Resistivity

NA676.00 nΩ·m

0.18 961

8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity

NA0.02 10⁶/cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 Electron Affinity

NA50.00 kJ/mol

0 222.8

9 Thermal

9.1 Specific Heat

NA0.16 J/(kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Molar Heat Capacity

NA27.03 J/mol·K

16.443 62.7

9.3 Thermal Conductivity

NA16.90 W/m·K

6.3 429

9.4 Critical Temperature

NANA

26.3 3223

9.5 Thermal Expansion

NA13.30 µm/(m·K)

4.5 97

9.6 Enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

NA191.00 kJ/mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion

NA16.80 kJ/mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization

NA247.00 kJ/mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard Molar Entropy

NA74.00 J/mol.K

9.5 198.1

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