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Titanium
Titanium

Rubidium
Rubidium



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Titanium Rubidium Comparison

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Ti
Rb
1.2 Group Number
41
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.5 Period Number
45
Lithium Metal
2 7
2.2 Block
d block
s block
2.3 Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkali
2.4 CAS Number
74403267440177
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
2.5 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Im_ 3m
2.6 Space Group Number
194.00229.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
  • The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
  • Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
  • Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
  • Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
3.3 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Obtained from Lithium Production.
3.4 History
3.4.1 Who Discovered
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
3.4.2 Discovery
In 1791
In 1861
3.5 Abundance
3.5.1 Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %1 * 10-6 %
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
3.6.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %~0.000003 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
3.7.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.05 %0.00 %
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
3.7.6 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.66 %0.01 %
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
3.8.3 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %0.00 %
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
3.8.6 Abundance In Humans
NA0.00 %
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
  • Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
  • Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
  • Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
4.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
4.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys, Research Purposes
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
0.05 Blood/mg dm-32.49 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
4.2.7 In Bone
NA5.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
1,660.00 °C38.89 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
6.2 Boiling Point
3,287.00 °C688.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
6.3 Appearance
6.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
6.3.2 Color
Silvery Gray-White
Grayish White
6.3.3 Luster
Metallic
NA
6.4 Hardness
6.4.1 Mohs Hardness
6.000.30
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
6.5.1 Brinell Hardness
716.00 MPa0.22 MPa
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
6.7.1 Vickers Hardness
830.00 MPaNA
Palladium Metal
121 3430
6.8 Speed of Sound
5,090.00 m/s1,300.00 m/s
Thallium Metal
818 16200
7.2 Optical Properties
7.2.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
7.5.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
8.2 Allotropes
8.2.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.2.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.2.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9 Chemical
9.1 Chemical Formula
Ti
Rb
9.2 Isotopes
9.2.1 Known Isotopes
2329
Tennessine Metal
0 38
9.4 Electronegativity
9.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.540.82
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
9.5.1 Sanderson Electronegativity
1.090.31
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
9.7.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.320.89
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
9.7.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NA0.69
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
9.8.2 Allen Electronegativity
1.380.71
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
9.11 Electropositivity
9.11.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.463.18
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
9.12 Ionization Energies
9.12.1 1st Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
9.13.1 2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol2,633.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
9.15.2 3rd Energy Level
2,652.50 kJ/mol3,860.00 kJ/mol
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
9.16.1 4th Energy Level
4,174.60 kJ/mol5,080.00 kJ/mol
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
10.1.2 5th Energy Level
9,581.00 kJ/mol6,850.00 kJ/mol
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
10.1.4 6th Energy Level
11,533.00 kJ/mol8,140.00 kJ/mol
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
10.2.1 7th Energy level
13,590.00 kJ/mol9,570.00 kJ/mol
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
10.4.2 8th Energy Level
16,440.00 kJ/mol13,120.00 kJ/mol
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
10.4.4 9th Energy Level
18,530.00 kJ/mol14,500.00 kJ/mol
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
10.5.2 10th Energy Level
20,833.00 kJ/mol26,740.00 kJ/mol
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
10.5.5 11th Energy Level
25,575.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
10.6.1 12th Energy Level
28,125.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
11.1.4 13th Energy Level
76,015.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
11.2.3 14th Energy Level
83,280.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
11.2.5 15th Energy Level
90,880.00 kJ/molNA
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
11.2.7 16th Energy Level
100,700.00 kJ/molNA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
12.2.1 17th Energy Level
109,100.00 kJ/molNA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
12.3.1 18th Energy Level
117,800.00 kJ/molNA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
12.4.1 19th Energy Level
129,900.00 kJ/molNA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
12.6.2 20th Energy Level
137,530.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
12.6.3 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
12.6.5 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
12.6.7 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
12.7.1 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
12.7.2 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
12.7.3 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
12.7.4 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
12.7.5 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
12.7.6 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
12.7.7 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
12.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr3.19 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
12.9 Electron Work Function
4.33 eV2.16 eV
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
12.10 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
13 Atomic
13.1 Atomic Number
2237
Lithium Metal
3 117
13.2 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
[Kr] 5s1
13.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
13.3.1 Crystal Lattice
13.4 Atom
13.4.1 Number of Protons
2237
Lithium Metal
3 117
13.4.2 Number of Neutrons
2648
Lithium Metal
4 184
13.4.3 Number of Electrons
2237
Lithium Metal
3 117
13.5 Radius of an Atom
13.5.1 Atomic Radius
147.00 pm248.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
13.5.2 Covalent Radius
160.00 pm220.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
13.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm303.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
13.6 Atomic Weight
47.87 amu85.47 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
13.7 Atomic Volume
10.64 cm3/mol55.90 cm3/mol
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
13.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
13.8.1 Previous Element
13.8.2 Next Element
13.9 Valence Electron Potential
95.20 (-eV)9.47 (-eV)
Francium Metal
8 392.42
13.10 Lattice Constant
295.08 pm558.50 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
13.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
13.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
14 Mechanical
14.1 Density
14.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
4.51 g/cm31.53 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
14.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.11 g/cm31.46 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
14.2 Tensile Strength
434.00 MPaNA
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
14.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
14.4 Vapor Pressure
14.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NANA
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
14.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)NA
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
14.5 Elasticity properties
14.5.1 Shear Modulus
44.00 GPaNA
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
14.5.2 Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa2.50 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
14.5.3 Young's Modulus
116.00 GPa2.40 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
14.6 Poisson Ratio
0.32NA
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
14.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile
15 Magnetic
15.1 Magnetic Characteristics
15.1.1 Specific Gravity
4.511.53
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
15.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
15.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
15.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
15.2 Electrical Properties
15.2.1 Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Conductor
15.2.2 Resistivity
420.00 nΩ·m128.00 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
15.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω0.08 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
15.2.4 Electron Affinity
7.60 kJ/mol46.90 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
16 Thermal
16.1 Specific Heat
0.52 J/(kg K)0.36 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
16.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.06 J/mol·K31.06 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
16.3 Thermal Conductivity
21.90 W/m·K58.20 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
16.4 Critical Temperature
NA2,093.00 K
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
16.5 Thermal Expansion
8.60 µm/(m·K)90.00 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
16.6 Enthalpy
16.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol69.20 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
16.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol2.19 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
16.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol82.00 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
16.7 Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K76.80 J/mol.K
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1