1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.5 Period Number
2.2 Block
2.3 Element Family
2.4 CAS Number
74403267440177
7429905
54386242
2.5 Space Group Name
2.6 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
- Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
- Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
- Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
3.3 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Obtained from Lithium Production.
3.4 History
3.4.1 Who Discovered
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
3.4.2 Discovery
3.5 Abundance
3.5.1 Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %1 * 10-6 %
5E-09
0.11
3.6.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %~0.000003 %
1E-08
0.1
3.7.3 Abundance In Meteorites
3.7.6 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.8.3 Abundance In Oceans
3.8.6 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
- Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
- Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
- Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
4.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
4.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys, Research Purposes
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
0.05 Blood/mg dm-32.49 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
4.2.7 In Bone
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
1,660.00 °C38.89 °C
27
3410
6.2 Boiling Point
3,287.00 °C688.00 °C
147
5660
6.3 Appearance
6.3.1 Physical State
6.3.2 Color
Silvery Gray-White
Grayish White
6.3.3 Luster
6.4 Hardness
6.4.1 Mohs Hardness
6.5.1 Brinell Hardness
716.00 MPa0.22 MPa
0.14
3490
6.7.1 Vickers Hardness
6.8 Speed of Sound
5,090.00 m/s1,300.00 m/s
818
16200
7.2 Optical Properties
7.2.1 Refractive Index
7.5.2 Reflectivity
8.2 Allotropes
8.2.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.2.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.2.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9 Chemical
9.1 Chemical Formula
9.2 Isotopes
9.2.1 Known Isotopes
9.4 Electronegativity
9.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
9.5.1 Sanderson Electronegativity
9.7.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
9.7.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.8.2 Allen Electronegativity
9.11 Electropositivity
9.11.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.12 Ionization Energies
9.12.1 1st Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.13.1 2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol2,633.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
9.15.2 3rd Energy Level
2,652.50 kJ/mol3,860.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
9.16.1 4th Energy Level
4,174.60 kJ/mol5,080.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
10.1.2 5th Energy Level
9,581.00 kJ/mol6,850.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
10.1.4 6th Energy Level
11,533.00 kJ/mol8,140.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
10.2.1 7th Energy level
13,590.00 kJ/mol9,570.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
10.4.2 8th Energy Level
16,440.00 kJ/mol13,120.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
10.4.4 9th Energy Level
18,530.00 kJ/mol14,500.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
10.5.2 10th Energy Level
20,833.00 kJ/mol26,740.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
10.5.5 11th Energy Level
25,575.00 kJ/molNA
19900
169988
10.6.1 12th Energy Level
28,125.00 kJ/molNA
22219
189368
11.1.4 13th Energy Level
76,015.00 kJ/molNA
26930
76015
11.2.3 14th Energy Level
83,280.00 kJ/molNA
29196
86450
11.2.5 15th Energy Level
90,880.00 kJ/molNA
41987
97510
11.2.7 16th Energy Level
100,700.00 kJ/molNA
47206
109480
12.2.1 17th Energy Level
109,100.00 kJ/molNA
52737
122200
12.3.1 18th Energy Level
117,800.00 kJ/molNA
58570
134810
12.4.1 19th Energy Level
129,900.00 kJ/molNA
64702
148700
12.6.2 20th Energy Level
137,530.00 kJ/molNA
80400
171200
12.6.3 21st Energy Level
12.6.5 22nd Energy Level
12.6.7 23rd Energy Level
12.7.1 24th Energy Level
12.7.2 25th Energy Level
12.7.3 26th Energy Level
12.7.4 27th Energy Level
12.7.5 28th Energy Level
12.7.6 29th Energy Level
12.7.7 30th Energy Level
12.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr3.19 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
12.9 Electron Work Function
12.10 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
13 Atomic
13.1 Atomic Number
13.2 Electron Configuration
13.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
13.3.1 Crystal Lattice
13.4 Atom
13.4.1 Number of Protons
13.4.2 Number of Neutrons
13.4.3 Number of Electrons
13.5 Radius of an Atom
13.5.1 Atomic Radius
147.00 pm248.00 pm
112
265
13.5.2 Covalent Radius
160.00 pm220.00 pm
96
260
13.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm303.00 pm
139
348
13.6 Atomic Weight
47.87 amu85.47 amu
6.94
294
13.7 Atomic Volume
10.64 cm3/mol55.90 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
13.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
13.8.1 Previous Element
13.8.2 Next Element
13.9 Valence Electron Potential
95.20 (-eV)9.47 (-eV)
8
392.42
13.10 Lattice Constant
295.08 pm558.50 pm
228.58
891.25
13.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
13.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
14 Mechanical
14.1 Density
14.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
4.51 g/cm31.53 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
14.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.11 g/cm31.46 g/cm3
0.512
20
14.2 Tensile Strength
14.3 Viscosity
14.4 Vapor Pressure
14.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
14.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
14.5 Elasticity properties
14.5.1 Shear Modulus
14.5.2 Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa2.50 GPa
1.6
462
14.5.3 Young's Modulus
116.00 GPa2.40 GPa
1.7
528
14.6 Poisson Ratio
14.7 Other Mechanical Properties
15 Magnetic
15.1 Magnetic Characteristics
15.1.1 Specific Gravity
15.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
15.1.3 Permeability
15.1.4 Susceptibility
15.2 Electrical Properties
15.2.1 Electrical Property
15.2.2 Resistivity
420.00 nΩ·m128.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
15.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω0.08 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
15.2.4 Electron Affinity
7.60 kJ/mol46.90 kJ/mol
0
222.8
16 Thermal
16.1 Specific Heat
0.52 J/(kg K)0.36 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
16.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.06 J/mol·K31.06 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
16.3 Thermal Conductivity
21.90 W/m·K58.20 W/m·K
6.3
429
16.4 Critical Temperature
16.5 Thermal Expansion
8.60 µm/(m·K)90.00 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
16.6 Enthalpy
16.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol69.20 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
16.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol2.19 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
16.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol82.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
16.7 Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K76.80 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1