1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.4 Period Number
1.9 Block
1.10 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
1.11 CAS Number
74403267440575
7429905
54386242
1.17 Space Group Name
1.18 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
- Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
- It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
- It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
- Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
3.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius
Unknown
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %6 * 10-8 %
5E-09
0.11
4.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %~0.0000001 %
1E-08
0.1
4.4.6 Abundance In Meteorites
4.4.7 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.4.10 Abundance In Oceans
1.2.1 Abundance In Humans
2 Uses
2.1 Uses & Benefits
- Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
- Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
- Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
- It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
2.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
2.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
2.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
2.2 Biological Properties
2.2.1 Toxicity
2.2.2 Present in Human Body
2.2.3 In Blood
0.05 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
2.2.5 In Bone
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
1,660.00 °C1,064.43 °C
27
3410
2.2 Boiling Point
3,287.00 °C2,807.00 °C
147
5660
3.2 Appearance
3.2.1 Physical State
3.2.2 Color
3.3.1 Luster
3.6 Hardness
3.6.1 Mohs Hardness
3.13.2 Brinell Hardness
716.00 MPa194.00 MPa
0.14
3490
5.4.4 Vickers Hardness
830.00 MPa216.00 MPa
121
3430
5.5 Speed of Sound
5,090.00 m/s2,030.00 m/s
818
16200
5.7 Optical Properties
5.7.1 Refractive Index
5.8.1 Reflectivity
5.10 Allotropes
5.10.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.10.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.10.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6 Chemical
6.1 Chemical Formula
6.2 Isotopes
6.2.1 Known Isotopes
6.4 Electronegativity
6.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
7.2.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.3.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.3.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.4.3 Allen Electronegativity
8.5 Electropositivity
8.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.3 Ionization Energies
9.3.1 1st Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol890.10 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.3.6 2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol1,980.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
10.3.2 3rd Energy Level
2,652.50 kJ/molNA
1600
34230
10.3.6 4th Energy Level
4,174.60 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
10.4.3 5th Energy Level
9,581.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
11.1.2 6th Energy Level
11,533.00 kJ/molNA
5715.8
105800
11.2.2 7th Energy level
13,590.00 kJ/molNA
7226.8
114300
12.1.2 8th Energy Level
16,440.00 kJ/molNA
8857.4
125300
12.2.2 9th Energy Level
18,530.00 kJ/molNA
14110
134700
12.2.5 10th Energy Level
20,833.00 kJ/molNA
17100
144300
12.4.3 11th Energy Level
25,575.00 kJ/molNA
19900
169988
12.5.4 12th Energy Level
28,125.00 kJ/molNA
22219
189368
12.6.6 13th Energy Level
76,015.00 kJ/molNA
26930
76015
12.7.5 14th Energy Level
83,280.00 kJ/molNA
29196
86450
12.7.8 15th Energy Level
90,880.00 kJ/molNA
41987
97510
12.7.11 16th Energy Level
100,700.00 kJ/molNA
47206
109480
12.7.15 17th Energy Level
109,100.00 kJ/molNA
52737
122200
12.7.17 18th Energy Level
117,800.00 kJ/molNA
58570
134810
12.7.20 19th Energy Level
129,900.00 kJ/molNA
64702
148700
12.8.4 20th Energy Level
137,530.00 kJ/molNA
80400
171200
12.8.5 21st Energy Level
12.8.8 22nd Energy Level
12.9.2 23rd Energy Level
12.10.2 24th Energy Level
12.10.5 25th Energy Level
12.10.8 26th Energy Level
12.10.11 27th Energy Level
12.12.4 28th Energy Level
13.2.3 29th Energy Level
13.2.7 30th Energy Level
13.4 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr2.45 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
14.4 Electron Work Function
14.5 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
15 Atomic
15.1 Atomic Number
15.3 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
15.4 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
15.4.2 Crystal Lattice
15.5 Atom
15.5.1 Number of Protons
15.5.8 Number of Neutrons
15.7.1 Number of Electrons
15.9 Radius of an Atom
15.9.1 Atomic Radius
147.00 pm151.00 pm
112
265
16.1.1 Covalent Radius
160.00 pm144.00 pm
96
260
17.1.1 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm166.00 pm
139
348
17.8 Atomic Weight
47.87 amu196.97 amu
6.94
294
17.9 Atomic Volume
10.64 cm3/mol10.20 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
17.10 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
17.10.1 Previous Element
17.10.2 Next Element
17.11 Valence Electron Potential
95.20 (-eV)43.40 (-eV)
8
392.42
17.12 Lattice Constant
295.08 pm407.82 pm
228.58
891.25
17.17 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
17.18 Lattice C/A Ratio
18 Mechanical
18.1 Density
18.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
4.51 g/cm319.30 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
18.3.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.11 g/cm317.31 g/cm3
0.512
20
18.5 Tensile Strength
434.00 MPa120.00 MPa
2.5
11000
18.7 Viscosity
18.8 Vapor Pressure
18.8.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
18.11.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)67.00 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
18.13 Elasticity properties
18.13.1 Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa27.00 GPa
1.3
222
18.16.1 Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa180.00 GPa
1.6
462
19.1.2 Young's Modulus
116.00 GPa79.00 GPa
1.7
528
19.4 Poisson Ratio
19.6 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
20 Magnetic
20.1 Magnetic Characteristics
20.1.1 Specific Gravity
20.3.1 Magnetic Ordering
20.3.2 Permeability
20.4.2 Susceptibility
20.5 Electrical Properties
20.5.1 Electrical Property
20.5.3 Resistivity
420.00 nΩ·m2.20 nΩ·m
0.18
961
20.8.2 Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω0.45 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
21.1.4 Electron Affinity
7.60 kJ/mol222.80 kJ/mol
0
222.8
22 Thermal
22.1 Specific Heat
0.52 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
22.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.06 J/mol·K25.42 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
22.3 Thermal Conductivity
21.90 W/m·K318.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
22.6 Critical Temperature
23.3 Thermal Expansion
8.60 µm/(m·K)14.20 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
23.5 Enthalpy
23.5.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol324.40 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
23.6.4 Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol12.55 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
23.6.7 Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol364.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
23.8 Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K47.40 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1