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Calcium
Calcium

Silver
Silver



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Calcium
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Calcium Silver Comparison

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Ca
Ag
1.2 Group Number
211
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.3 Period Number
45
Lithium Metal
2 7
1.4 Block
s block
d block
1.5 Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74407027440224
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
2.3 Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Fm_ 3m
2.4 Space Group Number
225.00225.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
  • Calcium ranks 5th rank in the list of earth’s abundance Percentage.
  • It is found in the compound state.
  • Gypsum or calcium sulfate is used as plaster and plaster of paris.
  • It is the most reflective element.
  • Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
  • It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
3.2 Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Humphry Davy
Unknown
3.3.2 Discovery
In 1808
Before 5000 BC
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-3 %6 * 10-8 %
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
4.1.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.007 %~0.0000001 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
4.2.2 Abundance In Meteorites
1.10 %0.00 %
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
4.4.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
5.00 %0.00 %
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
4.4.6 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %0.00 %
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
4.4.9 Abundance In Humans
1.40 %NA
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It is used as a reducing agent while preparing metals like thorium and uranium. It is also used as an alloying agent for metals such as aluminum, copper & lead.
  • Calcium carbonate or lime stone is used in cement.
  • Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
  • It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
5.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
60.50 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
5.2.5 In Bone
170,000.00 p.p.m.0.44 p.p.m.
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
839.00 °C961.93 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
6.2 Boiling Point
1,484.00 °C2,212.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
7.4 Appearance
7.4.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
7.4.2 Color
Gray
Silvery White
7.4.3 Luster
NA
Metallic
7.5 Hardness
7.5.1 Mohs Hardness
1.752.50
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
7.5.6 Brinell Hardness
170.00 MPa251.00 MPa
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
7.6.2 Vickers Hardness
NA229.00 MPa
Palladium Metal
121 3430
7.10 Speed of Sound
3,810.00 m/s2,680.00 m/s
Thallium Metal
818 16200
8.2 Optical Properties
8.2.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
8.2.4 Reflectivity
NA97.00 %
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
8.6 Allotropes
8.6.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.6.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.6.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9 Chemical
9.1 Chemical Formula
Ca
Ag
9.2 Isotopes
9.2.1 Known Isotopes
1936
Tennessine Metal
0 38
9.3 Electronegativity
9.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.001.93
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
9.3.5 Sanderson Electronegativity
0.951.83
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
9.3.8 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.041.42
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
9.4.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.081.47
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
9.4.6 Allen Electronegativity
1.031.87
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
9.5 Electropositivity
9.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity
3.002.07
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
9.7 Ionization Energies
9.7.1 1st Energy Level
589.80 kJ/mol731.00 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
9.8.1 2nd Energy Level
1,145.40 kJ/mol2,070.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
9.8.4 3rd Energy Level
4,912.40 kJ/mol3,361.00 kJ/mol
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
9.10.3 4th Energy Level
6,491.00 kJ/molNA
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
9.11.3 5th Energy Level
8,153.00 kJ/molNA
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
9.14.1 6th Energy Level
10,496.00 kJ/molNA
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
10.2.0 7th Energy level
12,270.00 kJ/molNA
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
11.4.2 8th Energy Level
14,206.00 kJ/molNA
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
11.4.4 9th Energy Level
18,191.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
11.5.2 10th Energy Level
20,385.00 kJ/molNA
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
11.7.2 11th Energy Level
57,110.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
11.9.1 12th Energy Level
63,410.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
11.10.1 13th Energy Level
70,110.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
11.14.1 14th Energy Level
78,890.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
12.1.2 15th Energy Level
86,310.00 kJ/molNA
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
12.1.5 16th Energy Level
94,000.00 kJ/molNA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
12.3.1 17th Energy Level
104,900.00 kJ/molNA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
12.5.2 18th Energy Level
111,711.00 kJ/molNA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
13.1.2 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
13.1.6 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
13.2.1 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
14.1.2 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
14.2.4 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
14.3.3 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
14.3.6 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
14.3.7 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
14.3.10 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
15.1.1 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
16.1.1 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
16.2.1 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
16.4 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.75 g/amp-hr4.02 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
16.7 Electron Work Function
2.87 eV4.26 eV
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
16.9 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
17 Atomic
17.1 Atomic Number
2047
Lithium Metal
3 117
17.4 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 4s2
[Kr] 4d10 5s1
17.5 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
17.5.1 Crystal Lattice
17.6 Atom
17.6.1 Number of Protons
2047
Lithium Metal
3 117
17.8.2 Number of Neutrons
2061
Lithium Metal
4 184
17.8.4 Number of Electrons
2047
Lithium Metal
3 117
17.9 Radius of an Atom
17.9.1 Atomic Radius
197.00 pm144.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
17.10.1 Covalent Radius
176.00 pm145.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
17.11.1 Van der Waals Radius
231.00 pm172.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
17.12 Atomic Weight
40.08 amu107.87 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
17.13 Atomic Volume
29.90 cm3/mol10.30 cm3/mol
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
17.14 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
17.14.1 Previous Element
17.14.2 Next Element
17.15 Valence Electron Potential
29.00 (-eV)11.40 (-eV)
Francium Metal
8 392.42
17.16 Lattice Constant
558.84 pm408.53 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
17.17 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
17.18 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
18 Mechanical
18.1 Density
18.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
1.55 g/cm310.49 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
18.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.38 g/cm39.32 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
18.2 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
18.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
18.4 Vapor Pressure
18.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
25.50 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
18.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
18.5 Elasticity properties
18.5.1 Shear Modulus
7.40 GPa30.00 GPa
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
18.5.2 Bulk Modulus
17.00 GPa100.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
18.5.3 Young's Modulus
20.00 GPa83.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
18.6 Poisson Ratio
0.310.37
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
18.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
19 Magnetic
19.1 Magnetic Characteristics
19.1.1 Specific Gravity
4.5810.50
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
19.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Diamagnetic
19.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
19.1.4 Susceptibility
NA0.00
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
19.2 Electrical Properties
19.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
19.2.2 Resistivity
33.60 nΩ·m15.87 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
19.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.30 106/cm Ω0.63 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
19.2.4 Electron Affinity
2.37 kJ/mol125.60 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
20 Thermal
20.1 Specific Heat
0.63 J/(kg K)0.24 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
20.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.93 J/mol·K25.35 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
20.3 Thermal Conductivity
201.00 W/m·K429.00 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
20.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
20.5 Thermal Expansion
22.30 µm/(m·K)18.90 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
20.6 Enthalpy
20.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
150.00 kJ/mol255.10 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
20.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
8.54 kJ/mol11.30 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
20.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
184.00 kJ/mol284.50 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
20.7 Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K42.60 J/mol.K
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1