1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Actinide
1.6 CAS Number
74405757440348
7429905
54386242
1.3 Space Group Name
1.4 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
- It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
- Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
Not Available
2.2 Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Unknown
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.6.1 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
3.4.2 Abundance In Meteorites
3.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.4.7 Abundance In Oceans
3.4.9 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
- It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
4.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
4.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
5.2.5 In Bone
0.02 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
7 Physical
7.1 Melting Point
1,064.43 °C1,227.00 °C
27
3410
7.3 Boiling Point
2,807.00 °C3,200.00 °C
147
5660
7.6 Appearance
7.6.1 Physical State
7.6.2 Color
7.6.3 Luster
7.7 Hardness
7.7.1 Mohs Hardness
7.7.3 Brinell Hardness
7.9.2 Vickers Hardness
8.3 Speed of Sound
8.5 Optical Properties
8.5.1 Refractive Index
8.5.3 Reflectivity
8.6 Allotropes
8.6.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.6.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.6.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9 Chemical
9.1 Chemical Formula
9.2 Isotopes
9.2.1 Known Isotopes
9.3 Electronegativity
9.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
9.3.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
9.4.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
9.5.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.5.4 Allen Electronegativity
9.6 Electropositivity
9.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.7 Ionization Energies
9.7.1 1st Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol499.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.7.3 2nd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol1,170.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
9.7.5 3rd Energy Level
NA1,900.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
9.7.7 4th Energy Level
NA4,700.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
9.7.9 5th Energy Level
9.7.10 6th Energy Level
9.7.12 7th Energy level
9.7.14 8th Energy Level
9.7.16 9th Energy Level
9.7.17 10th Energy Level
9.7.19 11th Energy Level
9.7.21 12th Energy Level
9.7.23 13th Energy Level
9.7.25 14th Energy Level
9.7.27 15th Energy Level
9.7.28 16th Energy Level
9.7.30 17th Energy Level
9.7.32 18th Energy Level
9.7.34 19th Energy Level
9.7.35 20th Energy Level
9.7.37 21st Energy Level
9.7.39 22nd Energy Level
9.7.41 23rd Energy Level
9.7.43 24th Energy Level
9.7.46 25th Energy Level
9.7.51 26th Energy Level
9.8.1 27th Energy Level
9.8.2 28th Energy Level
9.8.3 29th Energy Level
9.9.1 30th Energy Level
9.10 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.45 g/amp-hr2.82 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
10.2 Electron Work Function
10.5 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
11 Atomic
11.1 Atomic Number
11.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
11.3 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
11.3.1 Crystal Lattice
11.4 Atom
11.4.1 Number of Protons
11.4.3 Number of Neutrons
11.4.5 Number of Electrons
11.5 Radius of an Atom
11.5.1 Atomic Radius
151.00 pm195.00 pm
112
265
11.6.2 Covalent Radius
11.6.3 Van der Waals Radius
11.7 Atomic Weight
196.97 amu227.00 amu
6.94
294
11.8 Atomic Volume
10.20 cm3/mol22.54 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
11.10 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
11.10.1 Previous Element
11.10.2 Next Element
11.11 Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)38.60 (-eV)
8
392.42
11.13 Lattice Constant
407.82 pm567.00 pm
228.58
891.25
11.14 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
11.15 Lattice C/A Ratio
12 Mechanical
12.1 Density
12.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
19.30 g/cm310.00 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
12.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
12.3 Tensile Strength
12.4 Viscosity
12.7 Vapor Pressure
12.7.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
13.1.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
67.00 (Pa)NA
2.62E-10
774
13.2 Elasticity properties
13.2.1 Shear Modulus
13.2.3 Bulk Modulus
13.3.1 Young's Modulus
13.5 Poisson Ratio
13.7 Other Mechanical Properties
14 Magnetic
14.1 Magnetic Characteristics
14.1.1 Specific Gravity
14.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
14.1.4 Permeability
14.2.2 Susceptibility
14.3 Electrical Properties
14.3.1 Electrical Property
14.3.2 Resistivity
14.3.4 Electrical Conductivity
0.45 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
14.3.5 Electron Affinity
15 Thermal
15.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
15.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.42 J/mol·K27.20 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
15.3 Thermal Conductivity
318.00 W/m·K12.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
15.5 Critical Temperature
15.6 Thermal Expansion
16.2 Enthalpy
16.2.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
324.40 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
16.2.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
16.2.5 Enthalpy of Atomization
364.00 kJ/mol301.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
16.3 Standard Molar Entropy
47.40 J/mol.K56.50 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1