1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.7 Period Number
1.8 Block
1.9 Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
1.10 CAS Number
74401557440086
7429905
54386242
2.4 Space Group Name
2.5 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
- Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
- Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
- Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
- Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
3.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3.5.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
3.5.5 Abundance In Meteorites
4.2.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.3.3 Abundance In Oceans
4.3.5 Abundance In Humans
6 Uses
6.1 Uses & Benefits
- Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
- Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
- Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
- A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
6.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
6.1.2 Medical Uses
6.1.3 Other Uses
6.2 Biological Properties
6.2.1 Toxicity
6.2.2 Present in Human Body
6.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
6.2.7 In Bone
7 Physical
7.1 Melting Point
3,180.00 °C254.00 °C
27
3410
8.2 Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C962.00 °C
147
5660
8.5 Appearance
8.5.1 Physical State
8.5.2 Color
8.5.3 Luster
8.6 Hardness
8.6.1 Mohs Hardness
8.9.2 Brinell Hardness
8.9.7 Vickers Hardness
8.11 Speed of Sound
8.13 Optical Properties
8.13.1 Refractive Index
9.2.3 Reflectivity
9.4 Allotropes
9.4.1 α Allotropes
9.4.2 β Allotropes
9.4.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10 Chemical
10.1 Chemical Formula
10.2 Isotopes
10.2.1 Known Isotopes
10.3 Electronegativity
10.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
10.3.6 Sanderson Electronegativity
10.4.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
10.5.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
10.5.8 Allen Electronegativity
10.6 Electropositivity
10.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity
10.7 Ionization Energies
10.7.1 1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol812.10 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
10.7.5 2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/molNA
710.2162
28750
10.7.6 3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/molNA
1600
34230
10.7.9 4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
10.7.12 5th Energy Level
10.7.14 6th Energy Level
10.7.15 7th Energy level
10.8.1 8th Energy Level
10.8.2 9th Energy Level
10.8.3 10th Energy Level
10.9.1 11th Energy Level
10.9.2 12th Energy Level
11.1.1 13th Energy Level
11.1.2 14th Energy Level
11.2.1 15th Energy Level
11.4.2 16th Energy Level
11.4.3 17th Energy Level
11.4.5 18th Energy Level
11.4.7 19th Energy Level
11.4.8 20th Energy Level
11.4.9 21st Energy Level
11.4.12 22nd Energy Level
11.4.13 23rd Energy Level
11.4.14 24th Energy Level
11.4.16 25th Energy Level
11.5.2 26th Energy Level
11.5.3 27th Energy Level
11.5.6 28th Energy Level
11.5.8 29th Energy Level
11.6.1 30th Energy Level
11.7 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr3.90 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
11.9 Electron Work Function
11.12 Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
12 Atomic
12.1 Atomic Number
12.3 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4
12.4 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Monoclinic (MON)
12.4.1 Crystal Lattice
12.5 Atom
12.5.1 Number of Protons
13.0.2 Number of Neutrons
13.1.3 Number of Electrons
13.2 Radius of an Atom
13.2.1 Atomic Radius
137.00 pm168.00 pm
112
265
13.3.1 Covalent Radius
151.00 pm140.00 pm
96
260
13.4.1 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm197.00 pm
139
348
13.6 Atomic Weight
186.21 amu209.00 amu
6.94
294
13.7 Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol22.23 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
13.10 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
13.10.1 Previous Element
13.10.2 Next Element
13.11 Valence Electron Potential
13.13 Lattice Constant
276.10 pm335.90 pm
228.58
891.25
14.2 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
14.3 Lattice C/A Ratio
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm39.20 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
15.5.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm39.40 g/cm3
0.512
20
16.2 Tensile Strength
16.3 Viscosity
16.4 Vapor Pressure
16.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
16.5.3 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
16.7 Elasticity properties
16.7.1 Shear Modulus
16.7.4 Bulk Modulus
16.8.1 Young's Modulus
17.2 Poisson Ratio
17.5 Other Mechanical Properties
18 Magnetic
18.1 Magnetic Characteristics
18.1.1 Specific Gravity
18.4.1 Magnetic Ordering
18.4.2 Permeability
18.5.1 Susceptibility
18.7 Electrical Properties
18.7.1 Electrical Property
18.7.2 Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m0.40 nΩ·m
0.18
961
18.10.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω0.02 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
19.2.2 Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol183.30 kJ/mol
0
222.8
20 Thermal
20.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
20.3 Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K26.40 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
20.6 Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K20.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
20.8 Critical Temperature
20.9 Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)23.50 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
20.11 Enthalpy
20.11.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol60.30 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
20.11.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol13.00 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
20.11.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol134.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
20.12 Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1