1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.2 Period Number
3.2 Block
3.3 Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkaline Earth
3.4 CAS Number
74405087440144
7429905
54386242
3.5 Space Group Name
3.6 Space Group Number
4 Facts
4.1 Interesting Facts
- Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
- Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
- Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
- Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
4.2 Sources
Found in Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals
4.3 History
4.3.1 Who Discovered
4.3.2 Discovery
In Middle East (9000 BCE)
In 1898
4.4 Abundance
4.4.1 Abundance In Universe
1.2.5 Abundance In Sun
~0.00007 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
1.5.1 Abundance In Meteorites
1.6.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.9.3 Abundance In Oceans
3.1.5 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- It is use for coinage and bullion.
- Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
- It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
-
It is used in luminous paints.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
4.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
4.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery
NA
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
4.4.1 In Bone
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
1,084.62 °C700.00 °C
27
3410
5.7 Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C1,737.00 °C
147
5660
6.8 Appearance
6.8.1 Physical State
6.8.2 Color
6.8.3 Luster
6.9 Hardness
6.9.1 Mohs Hardness
6.17.1 Brinell Hardness
1.6.1 Vickers Hardness
3.5 Speed of Sound
3.11 Optical Properties
3.11.1 Refractive Index
3.16.1 Reflectivity
3.18 Allotropes
3.18.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
3.18.3 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
3.18.4 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4 Chemical
4.1 Chemical Formula
4.2 Isotopes
4.2.1 Known Isotopes
5.8 Electronegativity
5.8.1 Pauling Electronegativity
5.13.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
6.4.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
2.1.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.6.4 Allen Electronegativity
5.5 Electropositivity
5.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.8 Ionization Energies
5.8.1 1st Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol509.30 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
6.3.1 2nd Energy Level
1,957.90 kJ/mol979.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
7.3.2 3rd Energy Level
3,555.00 kJ/molNA
1600
34230
8.1.2 4th Energy Level
5,536.00 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
8.4.2 5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
8.7.2 6th Energy Level
9,900.00 kJ/molNA
5715.8
105800
8.9.4 7th Energy level
13,400.00 kJ/molNA
7226.8
114300
8.10.4 8th Energy Level
16,000.00 kJ/molNA
8857.4
125300
8.10.8 9th Energy Level
19,200.00 kJ/molNA
14110
134700
8.13.3 10th Energy Level
22,400.00 kJ/molNA
17100
144300
8.17.1 11th Energy Level
25,600.00 kJ/molNA
19900
169988
8.21.1 12th Energy Level
35,600.00 kJ/molNA
22219
189368
9.3.5 13th Energy Level
38,700.00 kJ/molNA
26930
76015
10.1.2 14th Energy Level
42,000.00 kJ/molNA
29196
86450
12.3.4 15th Energy Level
46,700.00 kJ/molNA
41987
97510
13.3.2 16th Energy Level
50,200.00 kJ/molNA
47206
109480
14.1.2 17th Energy Level
53,700.00 kJ/molNA
52737
122200
14.4.3 18th Energy Level
61,100.00 kJ/molNA
58570
134810
14.5.1 19th Energy Level
64,702.00 kJ/molNA
64702
148700
14.7.4 20th Energy Level
163,700.00 kJ/molNA
80400
171200
15.2.3 21st Energy Level
174,100.00 kJ/molNA
87000
179100
15.4.1 22nd Energy Level
184,900.00 kJ/molNA
93400
184900
15.4.4 23rd Energy Level
198,800.00 kJ/molNA
98420
198800
15.6.2 24th Energy Level
16.2.2 25th Energy Level
16.3.2 26th Energy Level
16.6.2 27th Energy Level
17.2.2 28th Energy Level
18.4.1 29th Energy Level
18.7.1 30th Energy Level
18.11 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.19 g/amp-hr4.22 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
18.15 Electron Work Function
18.18 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
19 Atomic
19.1 Atomic Number
19.4 Electron Configuration
19.6 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
19.6.1 Crystal Lattice
19.7 Atom
19.7.1 Number of Protons
19.7.4 Number of Neutrons
19.7.9 Number of Electrons
19.9 Radius of an Atom
19.9.1 Atomic Radius
19.9.4 Covalent Radius
132.00 pm221.00 pm
96
260
19.9.6 Van der Waals Radius
140.00 pm283.00 pm
139
348
19.10 Atomic Weight
63.55 amu226.00 amu
6.94
294
19.11 Atomic Volume
7.10 cm3/mol45.20 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
19.12 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
19.12.1 Previous Element
19.12.2 Next Element
19.13 Valence Electron Potential
34.00 (-eV)20.10 (-eV)
8
392.42
19.14 Lattice Constant
361.49 pm514.80 pm
228.58
891.25
19.15 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
19.16 Lattice C/A Ratio
20 Mechanical
20.1 Density
20.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
8.96 g/cm35.50 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
20.1.5 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.2 Tensile Strength
20.3 Viscosity
20.5 Vapor Pressure
20.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
20.5.3 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
20.7 Elasticity properties
20.7.1 Shear Modulus
21.1.2 Bulk Modulus
21.4.2 Young's Modulus
21.5 Poisson Ratio
21.6 Other Mechanical Properties
22 Magnetic
22.1 Magnetic Characteristics
22.1.1 Specific Gravity
22.1.4 Magnetic Ordering
22.1.5 Permeability
1.256629 * 10-6 H/mNA
1.25643E-06
0.0063
22.1.6 Susceptibility
-9.63 * 10-6NA
-0.000166
200000
22.3 Electrical Properties
22.3.1 Electrical Property
22.3.2 Resistivity
16.78 nΩ·m100.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
22.3.6 Electrical Conductivity
0.60 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
22.4.1 Electron Affinity
23 Thermal
23.1 Specific Heat
0.38 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
23.4 Molar Heat Capacity
24.44 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
23.7 Thermal Conductivity
401.00 W/m·K18.60 W/m·K
6.3
429
25.2 Critical Temperature
25.3 Thermal Expansion
25.5 Enthalpy
25.5.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
283.70 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
25.8.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
25.8.5 Enthalpy of Atomization
338.90 kJ/mol163.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
25.11 Standard Molar Entropy
33.20 J/mol.K71.00 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1