1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.6 Period Number
1.7 Block
1.8 Element Family
Lanthanide
Alkaline Earth
1.9 CAS Number
74399107440144
7429905
54386242
1.10 Space Group Name
1.11 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
- If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
- Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
- Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Not Available
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.5.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
2.5.5 Abundance In Meteorites
2.6.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.7.1 Abundance In Oceans
2.7.2 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
- The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
- It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
-
It is used in luminous paints.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
4.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
4.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing
NA
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
4.2.5 In Bone
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
920.00 °C700.00 °C
27
3410
5.2 Boiling Point
3,469.00 °C1,737.00 °C
147
5660
5.3 Appearance
5.3.1 Physical State
5.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
5.3.3 Luster
5.4 Hardness
5.4.1 Mohs Hardness
6.1.2 Brinell Hardness
6.1.6 Vickers Hardness
6.3 Speed of Sound
6.4 Optical Properties
6.4.1 Refractive Index
7.1.1 Reflectivity
7.3 Allotropes
7.3.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.3.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.3.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.5 Electronegativity
8.5.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.7.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.7.5 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.8.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.8.2 Allen Electronegativity
8.9 Electropositivity
8.9.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.10 Ionization Energies
8.10.1 1st Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol509.30 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
8.10.2 2nd Energy Level
1,067.00 kJ/mol979.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
8.10.3 3rd Energy Level
1,850.30 kJ/molNA
1600
34230
8.10.4 4th Energy Level
4,819.00 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
8.10.5 5th Energy Level
5,940.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
8.10.6 6th Energy Level
8.10.7 7th Energy level
8.10.8 8th Energy Level
8.10.9 9th Energy Level
8.10.10 10th Energy Level
8.10.11 11th Energy Level
8.10.12 12th Energy Level
8.10.13 13th Energy Level
8.10.14 14th Energy Level
8.10.15 15th Energy Level
8.10.16 16th Energy Level
8.10.17 17th Energy Level
8.10.18 18th Energy Level
8.10.19 19th Energy Level
8.10.20 20th Energy Level
8.10.21 21st Energy Level
8.10.22 22nd Energy Level
8.10.23 23rd Energy Level
8.10.24 24th Energy Level
8.10.25 25th Energy Level
8.10.26 26th Energy Level
8.10.27 27th Energy Level
8.10.28 28th Energy Level
8.10.29 29th Energy Level
8.10.30 30th Energy Level
8.11 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.73 g/amp-hr4.22 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
8.12 Electron Work Function
8.13 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
9 Atomic
9.1 Atomic Number
9.2 Electron Configuration
9.3 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
9.3.1 Crystal Lattice
9.4 Atom
9.4.1 Number of Protons
9.4.2 Number of Neutrons
9.4.3 Number of Electrons
9.5 Radius of an Atom
9.5.1 Atomic Radius
9.5.2 Covalent Radius
207.00 pm221.00 pm
96
260
9.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
240.00 pm283.00 pm
139
348
9.6 Atomic Weight
138.91 amu226.00 amu
6.94
294
9.7 Atomic Volume
20.73 cm3/mol45.20 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
9.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
9.8.1 Previous Element
9.8.2 Next Element
9.9 Valence Electron Potential
40.71 (-eV)20.10 (-eV)
8
392.42
9.10 Lattice Constant
377.20 pm514.80 pm
228.58
891.25
9.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
9.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
10 Mechanical
10.1 Density
10.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.16 g/cm35.50 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
10.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.2 Tensile Strength
10.3 Viscosity
10.4 Vapor Pressure
10.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
10.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
10.5 Elasticity properties
10.5.1 Shear Modulus
10.5.2 Bulk Modulus
10.5.3 Young's Modulus
10.6 Poisson Ratio
10.7 Other Mechanical Properties
11 Magnetic
11.1 Magnetic Characteristics
11.1.1 Specific Gravity
11.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
11.1.3 Permeability
11.1.4 Susceptibility
11.2 Electrical Properties
11.2.1 Electrical Property
11.2.2 Resistivity
615.00 nΩ·m100.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
11.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
11.2.4 Electron Affinity
12 Thermal
12.1 Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
12.2 Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
12.3 Thermal Conductivity
13.40 W/m·K18.60 W/m·K
6.3
429
12.4 Critical Temperature
12.5 Thermal Expansion
12.6 Enthalpy
12.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
399.60 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
12.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
12.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
431.00 kJ/mol163.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
12.7 Standard Molar Entropy
56.90 J/mol.K71.00 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1