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Radium
Radium

Osmium
Osmium



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Radium vs Osmium

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Ra
Os
1.2 Group Number
28
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
76
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
s block
d block
1.5 Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74401447440042
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
P63/mmc
1.8 Space Group Number
229.00194.00
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
2.2 Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Not Available
Smithson Tennant
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1898
In 1803
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
NA3 * 10-7 %
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000002 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
NA0.00 %
Gold
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %0.00 %
Palladium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %NA
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
0.00 %NA
Tin
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
NA
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Highly Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
NANA
Plutonium
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
NANA
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
700.00 °C3,045.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C5,027.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery Bluish-Gray
4.3.3 Luster
Metallic
Metallic
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
NA7.00
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
NA3,490.00 MPa
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
NA4,940.00 m/s
Thallium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Ra
Os
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
3335
Tennessine
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
0.902.20
Francium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.971.52
Cesium
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92NA
Cesium
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
0.891.65
Cesium
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
3.101.80
Gold
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol840.00 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol1,309.80 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
NA1,600.00 kJ/mol
Tin
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
NANA
Thorium
2780 37066
1.1.1 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
1.1.2 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
1.2.1 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
1.2.2 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
1.3.1 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
14110 134700
1.4.1 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium
17100 144300
1.4.2 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
19900 169988
1.5.1 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
1.6.2 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
1.6.3 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
1.6.5 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
1.6.7 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
1.6.8 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
1.7.1 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
1.7.2 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
1.7.3 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
1.7.4 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
1.7.5 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
1.7.6 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
1.7.7 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
1.7.8 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
1.7.9 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
1.7.10 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
1.7.11 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
1.7.12 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
1.7.13 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
1.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr1.77 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
1.9 Electron Work Function
NA4.83 eV
Cesium
2.14 5.65
1.10 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
2 Atomic
2.1 Atomic Number
8876
Lithium
3 117
2.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
2.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
2.3.1 Crystal Lattice
2.4 Atom
2.4.1 Number of Protons
8876
Lithium
3 117
2.4.2 Number of Neutrons
138114
Lithium
4 184
2.4.3 Number of Electrons
8876
Lithium
3 117
2.5 Radius of an Atom
2.5.1 Atomic Radius
NA133.80 pm
Beryllium
112 265
2.5.2 Covalent Radius
221.00 pmNA
Beryllium
96 260
2.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm216.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
2.6 Atomic Weight
226.00 amu190.23 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
2.7 Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol8.49 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
2.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
2.8.1 Previous Element
2.8.2 Next Element
2.9 Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)91.40 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
2.10 Lattice Constant
514.80 pm273.44 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
2.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
2.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NA1.58
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
3 Mechanical
3.1 Density
3.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm322.59 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
3.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
NA20.00 g/cm3
Lithium
0.512 20
3.2 Tensile Strength
NA1,000.00 MPa
Indium
2.5 11000
3.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
3.4 Vapor Pressure
3.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NANA
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
3.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NA0.00 (Pa)
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
3.5 Elasticity properties
3.5.1 Shear Modulus
NA222.00 GPa
Potassium
1.3 222
3.5.2 Bulk Modulus
NA462.00 GPa
Cesium
1.6 462
3.5.3 Young's Modulus
NANA
Cesium
1.7 528
3.6 Poisson Ratio
NA0.25
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
3.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
4 Magnetic
4.1 Magnetic Characteristics
4.1.1 Specific Gravity
5.0022.57
Lithium
0.53 4500
4.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic
Paramagnetic
4.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
4.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
4.2 Electrical Properties
4.2.1 Electrical Property
NA
Conductor
4.2.2 Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m81.20 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
4.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.11 106/cm Ω
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
4.2.4 Electron Affinity
NA106.10 kJ/mol
Mercury
0 222.8
5 Thermal
5.1 Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
Americium
0.11 3.6
5.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA24.70 J/mol·K
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
5.3 Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K87.60 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
5.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
5.5 Thermal Expansion
NA5.10 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten
4.5 97
5.6 Enthalpy
5.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA627.60 kJ/mol
Zinc
7.32 799.1
5.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
NA29.30 kJ/mol
Cesium
2.1 35.23
5.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol669.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
5.7 Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K32.60 J/mol.K
Beryllium
9.5 198.1