1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
1.6 CAS Number
74401777440519
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
- Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
- Curium metal does not occur free in nature.
- Curium metal is a synthetically produced metal.
2.2 Sources
Obtained from Lithium Production.
Bombarding Plutonium with Helium Ions
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.000003 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.8 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.11 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.13 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
- Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
- Curium metal is used to provide power to electrical equipment for space missions.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
3.1.2 Medical Uses
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes
Research Purposes
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
2.49 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
3.3.1 In Bone
5.00 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
38.89 °C1,340.00 °C
27
3410
4.3 Boiling Point
688.00 °C3,110.00 °C
147
5660
5.2 Appearance
5.2.1 Physical State
5.2.2 Color
5.2.3 Luster
5.3 Hardness
5.3.1 Mohs Hardness
5.6.2 Brinell Hardness
5.6.4 Vickers Hardness
5.7 Speed of Sound
5.9 Optical Properties
5.9.1 Refractive Index
5.9.2 Reflectivity
5.10 Allotropes
5.10.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.10.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.10.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6 Chemical
6.1 Chemical Formula
6.2 Isotopes
6.2.1 Known Isotopes
6.4 Electronegativity
6.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
6.4.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
6.5.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
6.7.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
6.8.1 Allen Electronegativity
6.11 Electropositivity
6.11.1 Pauling Electropositivity
7.2 Ionization Energies
7.2.1 1st Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol581.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
7.2.3 2nd Energy Level
2,633.00 kJ/mol1,196.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
7.2.4 3rd Energy Level
3,860.00 kJ/mol2,026.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
7.3.1 4th Energy Level
5,080.00 kJ/mol3,550.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
7.5.2 5th Energy Level
6,850.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
7.5.3 6th Energy Level
8,140.00 kJ/molNA
5715.8
105800
7.5.5 7th Energy level
9,570.00 kJ/molNA
7226.8
114300
7.6.2 8th Energy Level
13,120.00 kJ/molNA
8857.4
125300
7.6.3 9th Energy Level
14,500.00 kJ/molNA
14110
134700
7.6.5 10th Energy Level
26,740.00 kJ/molNA
17100
144300
7.6.7 11th Energy Level
7.7.1 12th Energy Level
8.1.2 13th Energy Level
8.1.5 14th Energy Level
8.1.7 15th Energy Level
8.2.3 16th Energy Level
8.2.5 17th Energy Level
8.2.6 18th Energy Level
8.2.8 19th Energy Level
8.2.9 20th Energy Level
9.1.1 21st Energy Level
9.1.2 22nd Energy Level
9.2.1 23rd Energy Level
9.3.1 24th Energy Level
9.3.2 25th Energy Level
9.4.1 26th Energy Level
9.4.2 27th Energy Level
9.5.1 28th Energy Level
9.5.2 29th Energy Level
9.6.2 30th Energy Level
9.7 Electrochemical Equivalent
3.19 g/amp-hr3.07 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
9.8 Electron Work Function
9.9 Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
10 Atomic
10.1 Atomic Number
10.3 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 5s1
[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2
10.4 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
10.4.1 Crystal Lattice
10.5 Atom
10.5.1 Number of Protons
10.5.2 Number of Neutrons
10.5.3 Number of Electrons
10.6 Radius of an Atom
10.6.1 Atomic Radius
248.00 pm174.00 pm
112
265
10.6.2 Covalent Radius
220.00 pm169.00 pm
96
260
10.6.3 Van der Waals Radius
303.00 pm200.00 pm
139
348
10.7 Atomic Weight
85.47 amu247.00 amu
6.94
294
10.8 Atomic Volume
55.90 cm3/mol18.28 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
10.9 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
10.9.1 Previous Element
10.9.2 Next Element
10.10 Valence Electron Potential
9.47 (-eV)44.50 (-eV)
8
392.42
10.11 Lattice Constant
558.50 pmNA
228.58
891.25
10.12 Lattice Angles
10.13 Lattice C/A Ratio
11 Mechanical
11.1 Density
11.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
1.53 g/cm313.51 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
11.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.46 g/cm313.85 g/cm3
0.512
20
11.2 Tensile Strength
11.3 Viscosity
11.4 Vapor Pressure
11.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
11.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
11.5 Elasticity properties
11.5.1 Shear Modulus
11.5.2 Bulk Modulus
11.5.3 Young's Modulus
11.6 Poisson Ratio
11.7 Other Mechanical Properties
12 Magnetic
12.1 Magnetic Characteristics
12.1.1 Specific Gravity
12.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Antiferromagnetic
12.1.3 Permeability
12.1.4 Susceptibility
12.2 Electrical Properties
12.2.1 Electrical Property
12.2.2 Resistivity
128.00 nΩ·m1.25 nΩ·m
0.18
961
12.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
12.2.4 Electron Affinity
13 Thermal
13.1 Specific Heat
13.2 Molar Heat Capacity
31.06 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
13.3 Thermal Conductivity
13.4 Critical Temperature
13.5 Thermal Expansion
13.6 Enthalpy
13.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
69.20 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
13.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
2.19 kJ/mol15.00 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
13.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
13.7 Standard Molar Entropy
76.80 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1