1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Post-Transition
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74403157439885
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
- Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
- Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-7 %2 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
2.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %~0.0000002 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.7 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.10 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.12 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
-
Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
- Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
3.1.3 Other Uses
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
3.2.5 In Bone
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
231.90 °C2,410.00 °C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C4,527.00 °C
147
5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
4.4.3 Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa1,670.00 MPa
0.14
3490
4.4.5 Vickers Hardness
4.6 Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s4,825.00 m/s
818
16200
4.8 Optical Properties
4.8.1 Refractive Index
5.1.1 Reflectivity
5.2 Allotropes
5.2.1 α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
Not Available
5.2.2 β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)
Not Available
5.2.3 γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Not Available
6 Chemical
6.1 Chemical Formula
6.2 Isotopes
6.2.1 Known Isotopes
6.6 Electronegativity
6.6.1 Pauling Electronegativity
6.6.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
6.6.4 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
6.6.6 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
6.6.7 Allen Electronegativity
6.8 Electropositivity
6.8.1 Pauling Electropositivity
6.9 Ionization Energies
6.9.1 1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol880.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
6.9.3 2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol1,600.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
6.10.1 3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/molNA
1600
34230
6.10.2 4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
6.11.1 5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
6.11.2 6th Energy Level
6.13.1 7th Energy level
6.14.1 8th Energy Level
6.15.1 9th Energy Level
7.1.2 10th Energy Level
7.1.3 11th Energy Level
7.1.5 12th Energy Level
7.2.1 13th Energy Level
7.3.1 14th Energy Level
7.4.2 15th Energy Level
7.4.4 16th Energy Level
7.4.5 17th Energy Level
7.5.2 18th Energy Level
7.5.4 19th Energy Level
7.5.5 20th Energy Level
7.5.7 21st Energy Level
7.5.8 22nd Energy Level
7.5.9 23rd Energy Level
7.6.1 24th Energy Level
8.1.2 25th Energy Level
8.1.3 26th Energy Level
8.1.6 27th Energy Level
8.1.7 28th Energy Level
8.1.9 29th Energy Level
8.2.3 30th Energy Level
8.3 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr1.14 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
8.4 Electron Work Function
8.5 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
9 Atomic
9.1 Atomic Number
9.2 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
9.3 Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
9.3.1 Crystal Lattice
9.4 Atom
9.4.1 Number of Protons
10.1.1 Number of Neutrons
10.2.1 Number of Electrons
10.4 Radius of an Atom
10.4.1 Atomic Radius
140.00 pm136.00 pm
112
265
10.5.1 Covalent Radius
139.00 pm141.00 pm
96
260
10.5.2 Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm202.00 pm
139
348
10.7 Atomic Weight
118.71 amu192.22 amu
6.94
294
10.9 Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol9.53 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
10.10 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
10.10.1 Previous Element
10.10.2 Next Element
10.11 Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)140.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
10.12 Lattice Constant
583.18 pm383.90 pm
228.58
891.25
10.13 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
10.14 Lattice C/A Ratio
11 Mechanical
11.1 Density
11.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm322.56 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
11.2.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm319.00 g/cm3
0.512
20
11.3 Tensile Strength
11.4 Viscosity
11.5 Vapor Pressure
11.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
11.5.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
11.6 Elasticity properties
11.6.1 Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa210.00 GPa
1.3
222
11.6.2 Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa320.00 GPa
1.6
462
11.6.3 Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa528.00 GPa
1.7
528
11.7 Poisson Ratio
11.8 Other Mechanical Properties
12 Magnetic
12.1 Magnetic Characteristics
12.1.1 Specific Gravity
12.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
12.1.3 Permeability
12.1.4 Susceptibility
12.2 Electrical Properties
12.2.1 Electrical Property
12.2.2 Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m47.10 nΩ·m
0.18
961
12.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω0.19 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
12.2.4 Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol151.00 kJ/mol
0
222.8
13 Thermal
13.1 Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
13.2 Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K25.10 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
13.3 Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K147.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
13.4 Critical Temperature
13.5 Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)6.40 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
13.6 Enthalpy
13.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol799.10 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
13.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol35.23 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
13.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol837.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
13.7 Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K35.50 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1